Bumped version number

This seems to have worked way too easily.

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+patreon: krgamestudios
+ko_fi: krgamestudios
+custom: ["https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=73Q82T2ZHV8AA"]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+name: Bug Report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+labels: bug
+---
+
+## Describe the bug
+
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+
+## To Reproduce
+
+Steps to reproduce the behaviour:
+
+1. run `git pull` on the repository
+2. run `make rebuild` on the code
+3. ...
+
+You can include some screenshots here if you'd like!
+
+## Versioning
+
+- OS: [for example MacOS, Windows, iOS, Android]
+- Version: [What version of Toy was this running?]
+
+### Additional context
+
+Add any other context about the problem here.
+

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+name: Feature Request
+about: Suggest an idea
+labels: enhancement
+---
+
+### Describe the feature you’d like
+
+A clear and concise description of what you’d like to be able to do with Toy.
+
+### Describe alternatives you've considered
+
+A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or workarounds you've considered.
+
+### Additional context
+
+Add any other context about the feature request here.

.github/workflows/c-cpp.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: Comprehensive Tests
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ "main", "dev" ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+
+jobs:
+  test-valgrind:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - name: install valgrind
+      run: sudo apt install valgrind
+    - name: make test (valgrind)
+      run: make test
+  
+  test-sanitized:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - name: make test (sanitized)
+      run: make test-sanitized
+  
+  test-mingw32:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: make test (mingw32)
+        run: make test

.gitignore

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 #Editor generated files
-*.sln
-*.vcproj
 *.suo
 *.ncb
 *.user
@@ -13,18 +11,23 @@ Out/
 release/
 debug/
 out/
+bin/
 .cache/
+.vs/
 
 #Project generated files
 *.db
 *.o
 *.a
+*.so
+*.dll
 *.exe
 *.meta
 *.log
-out
+*.out
 *.stackdump
 *.tb
+*.filters
 
 #Shell files
 *.bat

LICENSE.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # License
 
-Copyright (c) 2020-2022 Kayne Ruse, KR Game Studios
+Copyright (c) 2020-2023 Kayne Ruse, KR Game Studios
 
 This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.
 

README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   <image src="toylogo.png" />
 </p>
 
-# Toy 0.6.0
+# Toy
 
 This is the Toy programming language interpreter, written in C.
 
@@ -14,25 +14,30 @@ Special thanks to http://craftinginterpreters.com/ for their fantastic book that
 * Bytecode intermediate compilation
 * Optional, but robust type system (including `opaque` for arbitrary data)
 * Functions and types are first-class citizens
-* `import` and `export` variables from the host program
+* Import external libraries
 * Fancy slice notation for strings, arrays and dictionaries
 * Can re-direct output, error and assertion failure messages
 * Open source under the zlib license
 
 ## Building
 
-For Windows, Linux and MacOS, simply run `make` in the root directory.
+For Windows(mingw32 & cygwin), Linux and MacOS, simply run `make` in the root directory.
 
-Note: For Linux, you may need to `cd` into the `out` directory before running.
+For Windows(MSVC), Visual Studio project files are included.
 
-Note: MacOS is not officially supported (no machines for testing), but we'll do our best!
+Note: MacOS and Windows(MSVC) are not officially supported, but we'll do our best!
+
+## Tools
+
+Run `make install-tools` to install a number of tools, including:
+
+* VSCode syntax highlighting
 
 ## Syntax
 
 ```
 import standard; //for a bunch of utility functions
 
-
 print "Hello world"; //"print" is a keyword
 
 var msg = "foobar"; //declare a variable like this
@@ -56,10 +61,13 @@ var tally = makeCounter();
 print tally(); //1
 print tally(); //2
 print tally(); //3
-
-export tally; //export this variable to the host program
 ```
 
 # License
 
-This source code is covered by the zlib license (see [LICENSE.md](LICENSE.md)).
+This source code is covered by the zlib license (see [LICENSE.md](LICENSE.md)).
+
+# Patrons via Patreon
+
+* Seth A. Robinson
+

Repl.vcxproj

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
+    <VCProjectVersion>17.0</VCProjectVersion>
+    <ProjectGuid>{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}</ProjectGuid>
+    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
+    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="Shared">
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
+    <IgnoreImportLibrary>false</IgnoreImportLibrary>
+    <OutDir>$(SolutionDir)out\$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
+    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(ProjectName)\$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
+    <OutDir>$(SolutionDir)out\$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
+    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(ProjectName)\$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDebugDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
+      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
+      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
+      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
+    <Link>
+      <AdditionalDependencies>Toy.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
+      <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(SolutionDir)out\$(Configuration)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
+    </Link>
+    <ClCompile>
+      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(SolutionDir)/source;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+      <LanguageStandard_C>stdc17</LanguageStandard_C>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      </PreprocessorDefinitions>
+    </ClCompile>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <LanguageStandard_C>stdc17</LanguageStandard_C>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      </PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>$(SolutionDir)/source;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>$(SolutionDir)out\$(Configuration)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
+      <AdditionalDependencies>Toy.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="repl\lib_about.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="repl\lib_random.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="repl\lib_runner.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="repl\lib_standard.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="repl\repl_main.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="repl\repl_tools.c" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="repl\lib_about.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="repl\lib_random.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="repl\lib_runner.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="repl\lib_standard.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="repl\repl_tools.h" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="Toy.vcxproj">
+      <Project>{26360002-cc2a-469a-9b28-ba0c1af41657}</Project>
+    </ProjectReference>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
+  </ImportGroup>
+</Project>

Toy.vcxproj

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
+    <VCProjectVersion>17.0</VCProjectVersion>
+    <ProjectGuid>{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}</ProjectGuid>
+    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
+    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="Shared">
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
+    <OutDir>$(SolutionDir)out\$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
+    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(ProjectName)\$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
+    <OutDir>$(SolutionDir)out\$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
+    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(ProjectName)\$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USRDLL;TOY_EXPORTS;TOY_EXPORT;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDebugDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
+      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USRDLL;TOY_EXPORTS;TOY_EXPORT;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
+      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>TOY_EXPORT;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <LanguageStandard_C>stdc17</LanguageStandard_C>
+    </ClCompile>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <LanguageStandard_C>stdc17</LanguageStandard_C>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>TOY_EXPORT;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+    </ClCompile>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_ast_node.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_builtin.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_common.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_compiler.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_drive_system.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_interpreter.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_keyword_types.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_lexer.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_literal.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_literal_array.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_literal_dictionary.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_memory.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_parser.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_reffunction.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_refstring.c" />
+    <ClCompile Include="source\toy_scope.c" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_ast_node.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_builtin.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_common.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_compiler.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_console_colors.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_drive_system.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_interpreter.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_keyword_types.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_lexer.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_literal.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_literal_array.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_literal_dictionary.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_memory.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_opcodes.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_parser.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_reffunction.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_refstring.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_scope.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="source\toy_token_types.h" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
+  </ImportGroup>
+</Project>

Toylang.sln

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio Version 17
+VisualStudioVersion = 17.4.33213.308
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "Toy", "Toy.vcxproj", "{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}"
+EndProject
+Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "Repl", "Repl.vcxproj", "{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}"
+	ProjectSection(ProjectDependencies) = postProject
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657} = {26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}
+	EndProjectSection
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
+		Debug|x86 = Debug|x86
+		Release|x64 = Release|x64
+		Release|x86 = Release|x86
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
+		{26360002-CC2A-469A-9B28-BA0C1AF41657}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Win32
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
+		{97F823E5-3AB8-47EF-B142-C15DD7CADF76}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Win32
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
+		SolutionGuid = {7089F1AD-8EC0-4F27-AFD1-5FD43D91AABC}
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal

docs/TODO.txt

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-DONE: rework type system
-DONE: var decl with a type, but no value
-DONE: type casting
-DONE: remove optimization option
-DONE: conditionals
-DONE: if-then-else
-DONE: chained if-then-else
-DONE: optional block around a path if it's only one statement
-DONE: while-then
-DONE: for-then
-DONE: break and continue statements
-DONE: truthiness rethink
-DONE: string concat with the + operator
-DONE: increment & decrement operators
-DONE: store compound types in variables
-DONE: +=  -=  *=  /=  %= operators
-DONE: && and || operators
-DONE: functions are invoked by calling their names
-DONE: function arguments can have specified types
-DONE: function returns can have specified types
-DONE: closures are explicitly supported
-DONE: functions are first-class citizens
-DONE: functions take a set number of parameters
-DONE: functions last argument can be a rest parameter
-DONE: assert needs to kill the whole script, not just functions
-DONE: native functions
-DONE: global functions _get, _set, _push, _pop, _length, clear available
-DONE: change comma to colon in dictionary definition
-DONE: Address circular references
-DONE: are compounds shallow or deep copies? Deep copies
-DONE: third output stream, for lexer/parser/compiler/interpreter errors
-DONE: Assertion-based test scripts
-DONE: Import/export keywords
-DONE: A way to check the type of a variable (typeOf keyword)
-DONE: slice and dot notation around the builtin _index and _dot functions
-DONE: maximum recursion/function depth
-DONE: better sugar for _push, _pop, _length
-DONE: nested compound assignment bug
-DONE: hooks on the external libraries, triggered on import
-
-
-TODO: standard library
-TODO: external script runner library
-TODO: document how it all works
-TODO: packaging for release?
-TODO: test embedding in a game
-
-NOPE: a = b = c = 1;
-NOPE: functions return a set number of values
-NOPE: ternary operator?
-NOPE: Nullish types?

makefile

@@ -1,28 +1,56 @@
 # Optimisation Options
 # export CFLAGS+=-O2 -mtune=native -march=native
+# export CFLAGS+=-fsanitize=address,undefined
+
+export CFLAGS+=-std=c18 -pedantic -Werror
 
 export TOY_OUTDIR = out
 
 all: $(TOY_OUTDIR) repl
 
+#repl builds
 repl: $(TOY_OUTDIR) library
-	$(MAKE) -C repl
+	$(MAKE) -j8 -C repl
 
 repl-static: $(TOY_OUTDIR) static
-	$(MAKE) -C repl
+	$(MAKE) -j8 -C repl
 
+repl-release: clean $(TOY_OUTDIR) library-release
+	$(MAKE) -C repl release
+
+repl-static-release: clean $(TOY_OUTDIR) static-release
+	$(MAKE) -C repl release
+
+#lib builds
 library: $(TOY_OUTDIR)
-	$(MAKE) -C source library
+	$(MAKE) -j8 -C source library
 
 static: $(TOY_OUTDIR)
-	$(MAKE) -C source static
+	$(MAKE) -j8 -C source static
 
+library-release: clean $(TOY_OUTDIR)
+	$(MAKE) -j8 -C source library-release
+
+static-release: clean $(TOY_OUTDIR)
+	$(MAKE) -j8 -C source static-release
+
+#utils
 test: clean $(TOY_OUTDIR)
 	$(MAKE) -C test
 
+test-sanitized: export CFLAGS+=-fsanitize=address,undefined
+test-sanitized: export LIBS+=-static-libasan
+test-sanitized: export DISABLE_VALGRIND=true
+test-sanitized: clean $(TOY_OUTDIR)
+	$(MAKE) -C test
+
 $(TOY_OUTDIR):
 	mkdir $(TOY_OUTDIR)
 
+#utils
+install-tools:
+	cp -rf tools/toylang.vscode-highlighting ~/.vscode/extensions
+
 .PHONY: clean
 
 clean:

repl/lib_about.c

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+#include "lib_about.h"
+
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+
+int Toy_hookAbout(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias) {
+	//the about keys
+	Toy_Literal majorKeyLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("major"));
+	Toy_Literal minorKeyLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("minor"));
+	Toy_Literal patchKeyLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("patch"));
+	Toy_Literal buildKeyLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("build"));
+	Toy_Literal authorKeyLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("author"));
+
+	//the about identifiers
+	Toy_Literal majorIdentifierLiteral = TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("major"));
+	Toy_Literal minorIdentifierLiteral = TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("minor"));
+	Toy_Literal patchIdentifierLiteral = TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("patch"));
+	Toy_Literal buildIdentifierLiteral = TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("build"));
+	Toy_Literal authorIdentifierLiteral = TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("author"));
+
+	//the about values
+	Toy_Literal majorLiteral = TOY_TO_INTEGER_LITERAL(TOY_VERSION_MAJOR);
+	Toy_Literal minorLiteral = TOY_TO_INTEGER_LITERAL(TOY_VERSION_MINOR);
+	Toy_Literal patchLiteral = TOY_TO_INTEGER_LITERAL(TOY_VERSION_PATCH);
+	Toy_Literal buildLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString(TOY_VERSION_BUILD));
+	Toy_Literal authorLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString("Kayne Ruse, KR Game Studios"));
+
+	//store as an aliased dictionary
+	if (!TOY_IS_NULL(alias)) {
+		//make sure the name isn't taken
+		if (Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias)) {
+			interpreter->errorOutput("Can't override an existing variable\n");
+			Toy_freeLiteral(alias);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(majorKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(minorKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(patchKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(buildKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(authorKeyLiteral);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(majorIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(minorIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(patchIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(buildIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(authorIdentifierLiteral);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(majorLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(minorLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(patchLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(buildLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(authorLiteral);
+
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		//create the dictionary to load up with values
+		Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralDictionary, 1);
+		Toy_initLiteralDictionary(dictionary);
+
+		//set each key/value pair
+		Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, majorKeyLiteral, majorLiteral);
+		Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, minorKeyLiteral, minorLiteral);
+		Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, patchKeyLiteral, patchLiteral);
+		Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, buildKeyLiteral, buildLiteral);
+		Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, authorKeyLiteral, authorLiteral);
+
+		//build the type
+		Toy_Literal type = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY, true);
+		Toy_Literal strType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_STRING, true);
+		Toy_Literal anyType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_ANY, true);
+		TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&type, strType);
+		TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&type, anyType);
+
+		//set scope
+		Toy_Literal dict = TOY_TO_DICTIONARY_LITERAL(dictionary);
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias, type);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias, dict, false);
+
+		//cleanup
+		Toy_freeLiteral(dict);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(type);
+	}
+
+	//store globally
+	else {
+		//make sure the names aren't taken
+		if (Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, majorKeyLiteral) ||
+			Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, minorKeyLiteral) ||
+			Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, patchKeyLiteral) ||
+			Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, buildKeyLiteral) ||
+			Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, authorKeyLiteral)) {
+			interpreter->errorOutput("Can't override an existing variable\n");
+			Toy_freeLiteral(alias);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(majorKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(minorKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(patchKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(buildKeyLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(authorKeyLiteral);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(majorIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(minorIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(patchIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(buildIdentifierLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(authorIdentifierLiteral);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(majorLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(minorLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(patchLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(buildLiteral);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(authorLiteral);
+
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		Toy_Literal intType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER, true);
+		Toy_Literal strType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_STRING, true);
+
+		//major
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, majorIdentifierLiteral, intType);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, majorIdentifierLiteral, majorLiteral, false);
+
+		//minor
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, minorIdentifierLiteral, intType);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, minorIdentifierLiteral, minorLiteral, false);
+
+		//patch
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, patchIdentifierLiteral, intType);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, patchIdentifierLiteral, patchLiteral, false);
+
+		//build
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, buildIdentifierLiteral, strType);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, buildIdentifierLiteral, buildLiteral, false);
+
+		//author
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, authorIdentifierLiteral, strType);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, authorIdentifierLiteral, authorLiteral, false);
+
+		Toy_freeLiteral(intType);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(strType);
+	}
+
+	//cleanup
+	Toy_freeLiteral(majorKeyLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(minorKeyLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(patchKeyLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(buildKeyLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(authorKeyLiteral);
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(majorIdentifierLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(minorIdentifierLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(patchIdentifierLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(buildIdentifierLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(authorIdentifierLiteral);
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(majorLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(minorLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(patchLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(buildLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(authorLiteral);
+
+	return 0;
+}

repl/lib_about.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
+
+int Toy_hookAbout(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias);
+

repl/lib_random.c

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+#include "lib_random.h"
+
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+
+static int hashInt(int x) {
+    x = ((x >> 16) ^ x) * 0x45d9f3b;
+    x = ((x >> 16) ^ x) * 0x45d9f3b;
+    x = ((x >> 16) ^ x) * 0x45d9f3b;
+    x = (x >> 16) ^ x;
+    return x;
+}
+
+typedef struct Toy_RandomGenerator {
+	int seed; //mutated with each call
+} Toy_RandomGenerator;
+
+//Toy native functions
+static int nativeCreateRandomGenerator(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to createRandomGenerator\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the seed argument
+	Toy_Literal seedLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal seedLiteralIdn = seedLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(seedLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &seedLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(seedLiteralIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(seedLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(seedLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (!TOY_IS_INTEGER(seedLiteral)) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect literal type passed to createRandomGenerator");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(seedLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//generate the generator object
+	Toy_RandomGenerator* generator = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_RandomGenerator, 1);
+	generator->seed = TOY_AS_INTEGER(seedLiteral);
+	Toy_Literal generatorLiteral = TOY_TO_OPAQUE_LITERAL(generator, TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RANDOM);
+
+	//return and cleanup
+	Toy_pushLiteralArray(&interpreter->stack, generatorLiteral);
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(seedLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(generatorLiteral);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int nativeGenerateRandomNumber(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to generateRandomNumber\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal generatorLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal generatorLiteralIdn = generatorLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(generatorLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &generatorLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(generatorLiteralIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(generatorLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(generatorLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(generatorLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RANDOM) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in generateRandomNumber\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_RandomGenerator* generator = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(generatorLiteral);
+
+	//generate the new value and package up the return
+	generator->seed = hashInt(generator->seed);
+
+	Toy_Literal resultLiteral = TOY_TO_INTEGER_LITERAL(generator->seed);
+
+	Toy_pushLiteralArray(&interpreter->stack, resultLiteral);
+
+	//cleanup
+	Toy_freeLiteral(generatorLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(resultLiteral);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nativeFreeRandomGenerator(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to freeRandomGenerator\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal generatorLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal generatorLiteralIdn = generatorLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(generatorLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &generatorLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(generatorLiteralIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(generatorLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(generatorLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(generatorLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RANDOM) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in freeRandomGenerator\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_RandomGenerator* generator = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(generatorLiteral);
+
+	//clear out the runner object
+	TOY_FREE(Toy_RandomGenerator, generator);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(generatorLiteral);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+//call the hook
+typedef struct Natives {
+	const char* name;
+	Toy_NativeFn fn;
+} Natives;
+
+int Toy_hookRandom(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias) {
+	//build the natives list
+	Natives natives[] = {
+		{"createRandomGenerator", nativeCreateRandomGenerator},
+		{"generateRandomNumber", nativeGenerateRandomNumber},
+		{"freeRandomGenerator", nativeFreeRandomGenerator},
+		{NULL, NULL}
+	};
+
+	//store the library in an aliased dictionary
+	if (!TOY_IS_NULL(alias)) {
+		//make sure the name isn't taken
+		if (Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias)) {
+			interpreter->errorOutput("Can't override an existing variable\n");
+			Toy_freeLiteral(alias);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		//create the dictionary to load up with functions
+		Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralDictionary, 1);
+		Toy_initLiteralDictionary(dictionary);
+
+		//load the dict with functions
+		for (int i = 0; natives[i].name; i++) {
+			Toy_Literal name = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString(natives[i].name));
+			Toy_Literal func = TOY_TO_FUNCTION_NATIVE_LITERAL(natives[i].fn);
+
+			Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, name, func);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(name);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(func);
+		}
+
+		//build the type
+		Toy_Literal type = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY, true);
+		Toy_Literal strType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_STRING, true);
+		Toy_Literal fnType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE, true);
+		TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&type, strType);
+		TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&type, fnType);
+
+		//set scope
+		Toy_Literal dict = TOY_TO_DICTIONARY_LITERAL(dictionary);
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias, type);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias, dict, false);
+
+		//cleanup
+		Toy_freeLiteral(dict);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(type);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	//default
+	for (int i = 0; natives[i].name; i++) {
+		Toy_injectNativeFn(interpreter, natives[i].name, natives[i].fn);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}

repl/lib_random.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
+
+int Toy_hookRandom(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias);
+
+#define TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RANDOM 200

repl/lib_runner.c

@@ -0,0 +1,553 @@
+#include "lib_runner.h"
+
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+#include "toy_drive_system.h"
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
+
+#include "repl_tools.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+typedef struct Toy_Runner {
+	Toy_Interpreter interpreter;
+	const unsigned char* bytecode;
+	size_t size;
+
+	bool dirty;
+} Toy_Runner;
+
+//Toy native functions
+static int nativeLoadScript(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to loadScript\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the file path literal with a handle
+	Toy_Literal drivePathLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal drivePathLiteralIdn = drivePathLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(drivePathLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &drivePathLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteralIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(drivePathLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Literal filePathLiteral = Toy_getDrivePathLiteral(interpreter, &drivePathLiteral);
+
+	if (TOY_IS_NULL(filePathLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(filePathLiteral);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteral);
+
+	//use raw types - easier
+	const char* filePath = Toy_toCString(TOY_AS_STRING(filePathLiteral));
+	size_t filePathLength = Toy_lengthRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(filePathLiteral));
+
+	//load and compile the bytecode
+	size_t fileSize = 0;
+	const char* source = (const char*)Toy_readFile(filePath, &fileSize);
+
+	if (!source) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Failed to load source file\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(filePathLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	const unsigned char* bytecode = Toy_compileString(source, &fileSize);
+	free((void*)source);
+
+	if (!bytecode) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Failed to compile source file\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(filePathLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//build the runner object
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_Runner, 1);
+	Toy_setInterpreterPrint(&runner->interpreter, interpreter->printOutput);
+	Toy_setInterpreterAssert(&runner->interpreter, interpreter->assertOutput);
+	Toy_setInterpreterError(&runner->interpreter, interpreter->errorOutput);
+	runner->interpreter.hooks = interpreter->hooks;
+	runner->interpreter.scope = NULL;
+	Toy_resetInterpreter(&runner->interpreter);
+	runner->bytecode = bytecode;
+	runner->size = fileSize;
+	runner->dirty = false;
+
+	//build the opaque object, and push it to the stack
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = TOY_TO_OPAQUE_LITERAL(runner, TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER);
+	Toy_pushLiteralArray(&interpreter->stack, runnerLiteral);
+
+	//free the drive path
+	Toy_freeLiteral(filePathLiteral);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int nativeLoadScriptBytecode(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to loadScriptBytecode\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the argument
+	Toy_Literal drivePathLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal drivePathLiteralIdn = drivePathLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(drivePathLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &drivePathLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteralIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(drivePathLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Literal filePathLiteral = Toy_getDrivePathLiteral(interpreter, &drivePathLiteral);
+
+	if (TOY_IS_NULL(filePathLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(filePathLiteral);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(drivePathLiteral);
+
+	//use raw types - easier
+	const char* filePath = Toy_toCString(TOY_AS_STRING(filePathLiteral));
+	size_t filePathLength = Toy_lengthRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(filePathLiteral));
+
+	//load the bytecode
+	size_t fileSize = 0;
+	unsigned char* bytecode = (unsigned char*)Toy_readFile(filePath, &fileSize);
+
+	if (!bytecode) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Failed to load bytecode file\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//build the runner object
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_Runner, 1);
+	Toy_setInterpreterPrint(&runner->interpreter, interpreter->printOutput);
+	Toy_setInterpreterAssert(&runner->interpreter, interpreter->assertOutput);
+	Toy_setInterpreterError(&runner->interpreter, interpreter->errorOutput);
+	runner->interpreter.hooks = interpreter->hooks;
+	runner->interpreter.scope = NULL;
+	Toy_resetInterpreter(&runner->interpreter);
+	runner->bytecode = bytecode;
+	runner->size = fileSize;
+	runner->dirty = false;
+
+	//build the opaque object, and push it to the stack
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = TOY_TO_OPAQUE_LITERAL(runner, TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER);
+	Toy_pushLiteralArray(&interpreter->stack, runnerLiteral);
+
+	//free the drive path
+	Toy_freeLiteral(filePathLiteral);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int nativeRunScript(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to runScript\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal runnerIdn = runnerLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(runnerLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in runScript\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(runnerLiteral);
+
+	//run
+	if (runner->dirty) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Can't re-run a dirty script (try resetting it first)\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	unsigned char* bytecodeCopy = TOY_ALLOCATE(unsigned char, runner->size);
+	memcpy(bytecodeCopy, runner->bytecode, runner->size); //need a COPY of the bytecode, because the interpreter eats it
+
+	Toy_runInterpreter(&runner->interpreter, bytecodeCopy, runner->size);
+	runner->dirty = true;
+
+	//cleanup
+	Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nativeGetScriptVar(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 2) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to getScriptVar\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal varName = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal varNameIdn = varName;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(varName) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &varName)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(varNameIdn);
+	}
+
+	Toy_Literal runnerIdn = runnerLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(varName) || TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(varName);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(runnerLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in getScriptVar\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(runnerLiteral);
+
+	//dirty check
+	if (!runner->dirty) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Can't access variable from a non-dirty script (try running it first)\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the desired variable
+	Toy_Literal varIdn = TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_copyRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(varName)));
+	Toy_Literal result = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	Toy_getScopeVariable(runner->interpreter.scope, varIdn, &result);
+
+	Toy_pushLiteralArray(&interpreter->stack, result);
+
+	//cleanup
+	Toy_freeLiteral(result);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(varIdn);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(varName);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int nativeCallScriptFn(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count < 2) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to callScriptFn\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the rest args
+	Toy_LiteralArray tmp;
+	Toy_initLiteralArray(&tmp);
+
+	while (arguments->count > 2) {
+		Toy_Literal lit = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+		Toy_pushLiteralArray(&tmp, lit);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(lit);
+	}
+
+	Toy_LiteralArray rest;
+	Toy_initLiteralArray(&rest);
+
+	while (tmp.count > 0) { //correct the order of the rest args
+		Toy_Literal lit = Toy_popLiteralArray(&tmp);
+		Toy_pushLiteralArray(&rest, lit);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(lit);
+	}
+
+	Toy_freeLiteralArray(&tmp);
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal varName = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal varNameIdn = varName;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(varName) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &varName)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(varNameIdn);
+	}
+
+	Toy_Literal runnerIdn = runnerLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(varName) || TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(varName);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(runnerLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in callScriptFn\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(runnerLiteral);
+
+	//dirty check
+	if (!runner->dirty) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Can't access fn from a non-dirty script (try running it first)\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		Toy_freeLiteralArray(&rest);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the desired variable
+	Toy_Literal varIdn = TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_copyRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(varName)));
+	Toy_Literal fn = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	Toy_getScopeVariable(runner->interpreter.scope, varIdn, &fn);
+
+	if (!TOY_IS_FUNCTION(fn)) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Can't run a non-function literal\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(fn);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(varIdn);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(varName);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		Toy_freeLiteralArray(&rest);
+	}
+
+	//call
+	Toy_LiteralArray resultArray;
+	Toy_initLiteralArray(&resultArray);
+
+	Toy_callLiteralFn(interpreter, fn, &rest, &resultArray);
+
+	Toy_Literal result = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	if (resultArray.count > 0) {
+		result = Toy_popLiteralArray(&resultArray);
+	}
+
+	Toy_pushLiteralArray(&interpreter->stack, result);
+
+	//cleanup
+	Toy_freeLiteralArray(&resultArray);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(result);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(fn);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(varIdn);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(varName);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteralArray(&rest);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int nativeResetScript(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to resetScript\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal runnerIdn = runnerLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(runnerLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in resetScript\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(runnerLiteral);
+
+	//reset
+	if (!runner->dirty) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Can't reset a non-dirty script (try running it first)\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_resetInterpreter(&runner->interpreter);
+	runner->dirty = false;
+	Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nativeFreeScript(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to freeScript\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal runnerIdn = runnerLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(runnerLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in freeScript\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(runnerLiteral);
+
+	//clear out the runner object
+	runner->interpreter.hooks = NULL;
+	Toy_freeInterpreter(&runner->interpreter);
+	TOY_FREE_ARRAY(unsigned char, runner->bytecode, runner->size);
+
+	TOY_FREE(Toy_Runner, runner);
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int nativeCheckScriptDirty(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments) {
+	//no arguments
+	if (arguments->count != 1) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect number of arguments to checkScriptDirty\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	//get the runner object
+	Toy_Literal runnerLiteral = Toy_popLiteralArray(arguments);
+
+	Toy_Literal runnerIdn = runnerLiteral;
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral) && Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(interpreter, &runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerIdn);
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(runnerLiteral)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(runnerLiteral) != TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Unrecognized opaque literal in checkScriptDirty\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	Toy_Runner* runner = TOY_AS_OPAQUE(runnerLiteral);
+
+	//run
+	Toy_Literal result = TOY_TO_BOOLEAN_LITERAL(runner->dirty);
+
+	Toy_pushLiteralArray(&interpreter->stack, result);
+
+	//cleanup
+	Toy_freeLiteral(result);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(runnerLiteral);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+//call the hook
+typedef struct Natives {
+	const char* name;
+	Toy_NativeFn fn;
+} Natives;
+
+int Toy_hookRunner(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias) {
+	//build the natives list
+	Natives natives[] = {
+		{"loadScript", nativeLoadScript},
+		{"loadScriptBytecode", nativeLoadScriptBytecode},
+		{"runScript", nativeRunScript},
+		{"getScriptVar", nativeGetScriptVar},
+		{"callScriptFn", nativeCallScriptFn},
+		{"resetScript", nativeResetScript},
+		{"freeScript", nativeFreeScript},
+		{"checkScriptDirty", nativeCheckScriptDirty},
+		{NULL, NULL}
+	};
+
+	//store the library in an aliased dictionary
+	if (!TOY_IS_NULL(alias)) {
+		//make sure the name isn't taken
+		if (Toy_isDelcaredScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias)) {
+			interpreter->errorOutput("Can't override an existing variable\n");
+			Toy_freeLiteral(alias);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		//create the dictionary to load up with functions
+		Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralDictionary, 1);
+		Toy_initLiteralDictionary(dictionary);
+
+		//load the dict with functions
+		for (int i = 0; natives[i].name; i++) {
+			Toy_Literal name = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString(natives[i].name));
+			Toy_Literal func = TOY_TO_FUNCTION_NATIVE_LITERAL(natives[i].fn);
+
+			Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, name, func);
+
+			Toy_freeLiteral(name);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(func);
+		}
+
+		//build the type
+		Toy_Literal type = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY, true);
+		Toy_Literal strType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_STRING, true);
+		Toy_Literal fnType = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE, true);
+		TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&type, strType);
+		TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&type, fnType);
+
+		//set scope
+		Toy_Literal dict = TOY_TO_DICTIONARY_LITERAL(dictionary);
+		Toy_declareScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias, type);
+		Toy_setScopeVariable(interpreter->scope, alias, dict, false);
+
+		//cleanup
+		Toy_freeLiteral(dict);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(type);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	//default
+	for (int i = 0; natives[i].name; i++) {
+		Toy_injectNativeFn(interpreter, natives[i].name, natives[i].fn);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+

repl/lib_runner.h

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
+
+int Toy_hookRunner(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias);
+
+#define TOY_OPAQUE_TAG_RUNNER 100
+

repl/lib_standard.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "interpreter.h"
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
 
-int hookStandard(Interpreter* interpreter, Literal identifier, Literal alias);
+int Toy_hookStandard(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias);
 

repl/makefile

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ else
 	$(CC) -DTOY_IMPORT $(CFLAGS) -o $(OUT) $(OBJ) -Wl,-rpath,. -L$(realpath $(shell pwd)/../$(TOY_OUTDIR)) $(LIBS)
 endif
 
+release: all
+	strip $(OUT)
+
 $(OBJ): | $(ODIR)
 
 $(ODIR):

repl/repl_main.c

@@ -1,34 +1,43 @@
 #include "repl_tools.h"
+#include "lib_about.h"
 #include "lib_standard.h"
+#include "lib_random.h"
+#include "lib_runner.h"
 
-#include "console_colors.h"
+#include "toy_console_colors.h"
 
-#include "lexer.h"
-#include "parser.h"
-#include "compiler.h"
-#include "interpreter.h"
+#include "toy.h"
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-void repl() {
+#define INPUT_BUFFER_SIZE 2048
+
+void repl(const char* initialInput) {
 	//repl does it's own thing for now
 	bool error = false;
 
-	const int size = 2048;
-	char input[size];
-	memset(input, 0, size);
+	char input[INPUT_BUFFER_SIZE];
+	memset(input, 0, INPUT_BUFFER_SIZE);
 
-	Interpreter interpreter; //persist the interpreter for the scopes
-	initInterpreter(&interpreter);
+	Toy_Interpreter interpreter; //persist the interpreter for the scopes
+	Toy_initInterpreter(&interpreter);
 
 	//inject the libs
-	injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "standard", hookStandard);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "about", Toy_hookAbout);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "standard", Toy_hookStandard);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "random", Toy_hookRandom);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "runner", Toy_hookRunner);
 
 	for(;;) {
-		printf("> ");
-		fgets(input, size, stdin);
+		if (!initialInput) {
+			//handle EOF for exits
+			printf("> ");
+			if (!fgets(input, INPUT_BUFFER_SIZE, stdin)) {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
 
 		//escape the repl (length of 5 to accomodate the newline)
 		if (strlen(input) == 5 && (!strncmp(input, "exit", 4) || !strncmp(input, "quit", 4))) {
@@ -36,104 +45,180 @@ void repl() {
 		}
 
 		//setup this iteration
-		Lexer lexer;
-		Parser parser;
-		Compiler compiler;
+		Toy_Lexer lexer;
+		Toy_Parser parser;
+		Toy_Compiler compiler;
 
-		initLexer(&lexer, input);
-		initParser(&parser, &lexer);
-		initCompiler(&compiler);
+		Toy_initLexer(&lexer, initialInput ? initialInput : input);
+		Toy_private_setComments(&lexer, initialInput != NULL); //BUGFIX: disable comments here
+		Toy_initParser(&parser, &lexer);
+		Toy_initCompiler(&compiler);
 
 		//run this iteration
-		ASTNode* node = scanParser(&parser);
+		Toy_ASTNode* node = Toy_scanParser(&parser);
 		while(node != NULL) {
 			//pack up and restart
-			if (node->type == AST_NODEERROR) {
-				printf(ERROR "error node detected\n" RESET);
+			if (node->type == TOY_AST_NODE_ERROR) {
+				if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+					printf(TOY_CC_ERROR "Error node detected\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+				}
 				error = true;
-				freeNode(node);
+				Toy_freeASTNode(node);
 				break;
 			}
 
-			writeCompiler(&compiler, node);
-			freeNode(node);
-			node = scanParser(&parser);
+			Toy_writeCompiler(&compiler, node);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node);
+			node = Toy_scanParser(&parser);
 		}
 
 		if (!error) {
 			//get the bytecode dump
-			int size = 0;
-			unsigned char* tb = collateCompiler(&compiler, &size);
+			size_t size = 0;
+			unsigned char* tb = Toy_collateCompiler(&compiler, &size);
 
 			//run the bytecode
-			runInterpreter(&interpreter, tb, size);
+			Toy_runInterpreter(&interpreter, tb, size);
 		}
 
 		//clean up this iteration
-		freeCompiler(&compiler);
-		freeParser(&parser);
+		Toy_freeCompiler(&compiler);
+		Toy_freeParser(&parser);
 		error = false;
+
+		if (initialInput) {
+			free((void*)initialInput);
+			initialInput = NULL;
+
+			if (interpreter.panic) {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
-	freeInterpreter(&interpreter);
+	Toy_freeInterpreter(&interpreter);
 }
 
 //entry point
 int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
-	initCommand(argc, argv);
+	Toy_initCommandLine(argc, argv);
 
-	//command specific actions
-	if (command.error) {
-		usageCommand(argc, argv);
+	//setup the drive system (for filesystem access)
+	Toy_initDriveSystem();
+	Toy_setDrivePath("scripts", "scripts");
+
+	//command line specific actions
+	if (Toy_commandLine.error) {
+		Toy_usageCommandLine(argc, argv);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (command.help) {
-		helpCommand(argc, argv);
+	if (Toy_commandLine.help) {
+		Toy_helpCommandLine(argc, argv);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (command.version) {
-		copyrightCommand(argc, argv);
+	if (Toy_commandLine.version) {
+		Toy_copyrightCommandLine(argc, argv);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	//TODO: remove this when the interpreter meets the specification
-	if (command.verbose) {
-		printf(NOTICE "Toy Programming Language Version %d.%d.%d\n" RESET, TOY_VERSION_MAJOR, TOY_VERSION_MINOR, TOY_VERSION_PATCH);
+	//version
+	if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+		printf(TOY_CC_NOTICE "Toy Programming Language Version %d.%d.%d, built '%s'\n" TOY_CC_RESET, TOY_VERSION_MAJOR, TOY_VERSION_MINOR, TOY_VERSION_PATCH, TOY_VERSION_BUILD);
 	}
 
 	//run source file
-	if (command.sourcefile) {
-		runSourceFile(command.sourcefile);
+	if (Toy_commandLine.sourcefile) {
+		//only works on toy files
+		const char* s = strrchr(Toy_commandLine.sourcefile, '.');
+		if (!s || strcmp(s, ".toy")) {
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Bad file extension passed to %s (expected '.toy', found '%s')" TOY_CC_RESET, argv[0], s);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		//run the source file
+		Toy_runSourceFile(Toy_commandLine.sourcefile);
+
+		//lib cleanup
+		Toy_freeDriveSystem();
+
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	//run from stdin
-	if (command.source) {
-		runSource(command.source);
+	if (Toy_commandLine.source) {
+		Toy_runSource(Toy_commandLine.source);
+
+		//lib cleanup
+		Toy_freeDriveSystem();
+
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	//compile source file
-	if (command.compilefile && command.outfile) {
+	if (Toy_commandLine.compilefile && Toy_commandLine.outfile) {
+		//only works on toy and tb files
+		const char* c = strrchr(Toy_commandLine.compilefile, '.');
+		if (!c || strcmp(c, ".toy")) {
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Bad file extension passed to %s (expected '.toy', found '%s')" TOY_CC_RESET, argv[0], c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		const char* o = strrchr(Toy_commandLine.outfile, '.');
+		if (!o || strcmp(o, ".tb")) {
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Bad file extension passed to %s (expected '.tb', found '%s')" TOY_CC_RESET, argv[0], o);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		//compile and save
 		size_t size = 0;
-		char* source = readFile(command.compilefile, &size);
-		unsigned char* tb = compileString(source, &size);
+		const char* source = (const char*)Toy_readFile(Toy_commandLine.compilefile, &size);
+		if (!source) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		const unsigned char* tb = Toy_compileString(source, &size);
 		if (!tb) {
 			return 1;
 		}
-		writeFile(command.outfile, tb, size);
+		Toy_writeFile(Toy_commandLine.outfile, tb, size);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	//run binary
-	if (command.binaryfile) {
-		runBinaryFile(command.binaryfile);
+	if (Toy_commandLine.binaryfile) {
+		//only works on tb files
+		const char* c = strrchr(Toy_commandLine.binaryfile, '.');
+		if (!c || strcmp(c, ".tb")) {
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Bad file extension passed to %s (expected '.tb', found '%s')" TOY_CC_RESET, argv[0], c); //this one is never seen
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		//run the binary file
+		Toy_runBinaryFile(Toy_commandLine.binaryfile);
+
+		//lib cleanup
+		Toy_freeDriveSystem();
+
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	repl();
+	const char* initialSource = NULL;
+	if (Toy_commandLine.initialfile) {
+		//only works on toy files
+		const char* s = strrchr(Toy_commandLine.initialfile, '.');
+		if (!s || strcmp(s, ".toy")) {
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Bad file extension passed to %s (expected '.toy', found '%s')" TOY_CC_RESET, argv[0], s);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		size_t size;
+		initialSource = (const char*)Toy_readFile(Toy_commandLine.initialfile, &size);
+	}
+
+	repl(initialSource);
+
+	//lib cleanup
+	Toy_freeDriveSystem();
 
 	return 0;
 }

repl/repl_tools.c

@@ -1,43 +1,46 @@
 #include "repl_tools.h"
+#include "lib_about.h"
 #include "lib_standard.h"
+#include "lib_random.h"
+#include "lib_runner.h"
 
-#include "console_colors.h"
+#include "toy_console_colors.h"
 
-#include "lexer.h"
-#include "parser.h"
-#include "compiler.h"
-#include "interpreter.h"
+#include "toy_lexer.h"
+#include "toy_parser.h"
+#include "toy_compiler.h"
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 //IO functions
-char* readFile(char* path, size_t* fileSize) {
+const unsigned char* Toy_readFile(const char* path, size_t* fileSize) {
 	FILE* file = fopen(path, "rb");
 
 	if (file == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Could not open file \"%s\"\n" RESET, path);
-		exit(-1);
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Could not open file \"%s\"\n" TOY_CC_RESET, path);
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
 	*fileSize = ftell(file);
 	rewind(file);
 
-	char* buffer = (char*)malloc(*fileSize + 1);
+	unsigned char* buffer = (unsigned char*)malloc(*fileSize + 1);
 
 	if (buffer == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Not enough memory to read \"%s\"\n" RESET, path);
-		exit(-1);
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Not enough memory to read \"%s\"\n" TOY_CC_RESET, path);
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	size_t bytesRead = fread(buffer, sizeof(char), *fileSize, file);
+	size_t bytesRead = fread(buffer, sizeof(unsigned char), *fileSize, file);
 
 	buffer[*fileSize] = '\0'; //NOTE: fread doesn't append this
 
 	if (bytesRead < *fileSize) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Could not read file \"%s\"\n" RESET, path);
-		exit(-1);
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Could not read file \"%s\"\n" TOY_CC_RESET, path);
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	fclose(file);
@@ -45,97 +48,104 @@ char* readFile(char* path, size_t* fileSize) {
 	return buffer;
 }
 
-void writeFile(char* path, unsigned char* bytes, size_t size) {
+int Toy_writeFile(const char* path, const unsigned char* bytes, size_t size) {
 	FILE* file = fopen(path, "wb");
 
 	if (file == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Could not open file \"%s\"\n" RESET, path);
-		exit(-1);
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Could not open file \"%s\"\n" TOY_CC_RESET, path);
+		return -1;
 	}
 
-	int written = fwrite(bytes, size, 1, file);
+	size_t written = fwrite(bytes, size, 1, file);
 
 	if (written != 1) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Could not write file \"%s\"\n" RESET, path);
-		exit(-1);
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Could not write file \"%s\"\n" TOY_CC_RESET, path);
+		return -1;
 	}
 
 	fclose(file);
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 //repl functions
-unsigned char* compileString(char* source, size_t* size) {
-	Lexer lexer;
-	Parser parser;
-	Compiler compiler;
+const unsigned char* Toy_compileString(const char* source, size_t* size) {
+	Toy_Lexer lexer;
+	Toy_Parser parser;
+	Toy_Compiler compiler;
 
-	initLexer(&lexer, source);
-	initParser(&parser, &lexer);
-	initCompiler(&compiler);
+	Toy_initLexer(&lexer, source);
+	Toy_initParser(&parser, &lexer);
+	Toy_initCompiler(&compiler);
 
-	//run the parser until the end of the source
-	ASTNode* node = scanParser(&parser);
+	//step 1 - run the parser until the end of the source
+	Toy_ASTNode* node = Toy_scanParser(&parser);
 	while(node != NULL) {
-		//pack up and leave
-		if (node->type == AST_NODEERROR) {
-			printf(ERROR "error node detected\n" RESET);
-			freeNode(node);
-			freeCompiler(&compiler);
-			freeParser(&parser);
+		//on error, pack up and leave
+		if (node->type == TOY_AST_NODE_ERROR) {
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node);
+			Toy_freeCompiler(&compiler);
+			Toy_freeParser(&parser);
 			return NULL;
 		}
 
-		writeCompiler(&compiler, node);
-		freeNode(node);
-		node = scanParser(&parser);
+		Toy_writeCompiler(&compiler, node);
+		Toy_freeASTNode(node);
+		node = Toy_scanParser(&parser);
 	}
 
-	//get the bytecode dump
-	unsigned char* tb = collateCompiler(&compiler, (int*)(size));
+	//step 2 - get the bytecode dump
+	const unsigned char* tb = Toy_collateCompiler(&compiler, size);
 
 	//cleanup
-	freeCompiler(&compiler);
-	freeParser(&parser);
+	Toy_freeCompiler(&compiler);
+	Toy_freeParser(&parser);
 	//no lexer to clean up
 
 	//finally
 	return tb;
 }
 
-void runBinary(unsigned char* tb, size_t size) {
-	Interpreter interpreter;
-	initInterpreter(&interpreter);
+void Toy_runBinary(const unsigned char* tb, size_t size) {
+	Toy_Interpreter interpreter;
+	Toy_initInterpreter(&interpreter);
 
 	//inject the libs
-	injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "standard", hookStandard);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "about", Toy_hookAbout);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "standard", Toy_hookStandard);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "random", Toy_hookRandom);
+	Toy_injectNativeHook(&interpreter, "runner", Toy_hookRunner);
 
-	runInterpreter(&interpreter, tb, size);
-	freeInterpreter(&interpreter);
+	Toy_runInterpreter(&interpreter, tb, (int)size);
+	Toy_freeInterpreter(&interpreter);
 }
 
-void runBinaryFile(char* fname) {
+void Toy_runBinaryFile(const char* fname) {
 	size_t size = 0; //not used
-	unsigned char* tb = (unsigned char*)readFile(fname, &size);
+	const unsigned char* tb = Toy_readFile(fname, &size);
 	if (!tb) {
 		return;
 	}
-	runBinary(tb, size);
+	Toy_runBinary(tb, size);
 	//interpreter takes ownership of the binary data
 }
 
-void runSource(char* source) {
+void Toy_runSource(const char* source) {
 	size_t size = 0;
-	unsigned char* tb = compileString(source, &size);
+	const unsigned char* tb = Toy_compileString(source, &size);
 	if (!tb) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	runBinary(tb, size);
+	Toy_runBinary(tb, size);
 }
 
-void runSourceFile(char* fname) {
+void Toy_runSourceFile(const char* fname) {
 	size_t size = 0; //not used
-	char* source = readFile(fname, &size);
-	runSource(source);
+	const char* source = (const char*)Toy_readFile(fname, &size);
+	if (!source) {
+		return;
+	}
+	Toy_runSource(source);
 	free((void*)source);
 }

repl/repl_tools.h

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "common.h"
+#include "toy_common.h"
 
-char* readFile(char* path, size_t* fileSize);
-void writeFile(char* path, unsigned char* bytes, size_t size);
+const unsigned char* Toy_readFile(const char* path, size_t* fileSize);
+int Toy_writeFile(const char* path, const unsigned char* bytes, size_t size);
 
-unsigned char* compileString(char* source, size_t* size);
+const unsigned char* Toy_compileString(const char* source, size_t* size);
 
-void runBinary(unsigned char* tb, size_t size);
-void runBinaryFile(char* fname);
-void runSource(char* source);
-void runSourceFile(char* fname);
+void Toy_runBinary(const unsigned char* tb, size_t size);
+void Toy_runBinaryFile(const char* fname);
+void Toy_runSource(const char* source);
+void Toy_runSourceFile(const char* fname);
 

scripts/example.toy

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-//single line comment
-
-/*
-multi line comment
-*/
-
-//test primitive literals
-print "hello world";
-print null;
-print true;
-print false;
-print 42;
-print 3.14;
-print -69;
-print -4.20;
-print 2 + (3 * 3);
-
-//test operators (integers)
-print 1 + 1;
-print 1 - 1;
-print 2 * 2;
-print 1 / 2;
-print 4 % 2;
-
-//test operators (floats)
-print 1.0 + 1.0;
-print 1.0 - 1.0;
-print 2.0 * 2.0;
-print 1.0 / 2.0;
-
-//test scopes
-{
-	print "This statement is within a scope.";
-	{
-		print "This is a deeper scope.";
-	}
-}
-print "Back to the outer scope.";
-
-//test scope will delegate to higher scope
-var a = 1;
-{
-	a = 2;
-	print a;
-}
-print a;
-
-//test scope will shadow higher scope on redefine
-var b: int = 3;
-{
-	var b = 4;
-	print b;
-}
-print b;
-
-//test compounds, repeatedly
-print [1, 2, 3];
-print [4, 5];
-print ["key":"value"];
-print [1, 2, 3];
-print [4, 5];
-print ["key":"value"];
-
-//test empties
-print [];
-print [:];
-
-//test nested compounds
-print [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]];
-
-//var declarations
-var x = 31;
-var y : int = 42;
-var arr : [int] = [1, 2, 3, 42];
-var dict : [string:int] = ["hello": 1, "world":2];
-
-//printing expressions
-print x;
-print x + y;
-print arr;
-print dict;
-
-//test asserts at the end of the file
-assert x, "This won't be seen";
-assert true, "This won't be seen";
-assert false, "This is a failed assert, and will end execution";
-
-print "This will not be printed because of the above assert";
-

scripts/fib-memo.toy

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//memoize the fib function
+var memo: [int : int] = [:];
+
+fn fib(n : int) {
+	if (n < 2) {
+		return n;
+	}
+
+	var result = memo[n];
+	if (result == null) {
+		result = fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
+		memo[n] = result;
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+for (var i = 0; i < 40; i++) {
+	var res = fib(i);
+	print string i + ": " + string res;
+}

scripts/fib.toy

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
+//WARNING: please think twice before using this in a test
 fn fib(n : int) {
-    if (n < 2) {
-        return n;
-    }
-
-    return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
+	if (n < 2) return n;
+	return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
 }
 
-for (var i = 0; i < 40; i++) {
+for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
 	var res = fib(i);
-	print (string)i + ": " + (string)res;
+	print string i + ": " + string res;
 }

scripts/level.toy

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+
+How to run this program:
+
+	toyrepl -n -t scripts/level.toy
+
+How to move around:
+
+	move(up);
+	move(down);
+	move(left);
+	move(right);
+
+*/
+
+//constants
+var WIDTH: int const = 12;
+var HEIGHT: int const = 12;
+
+//WIDTH * HEIGHT in size
+var tiles: [[int]] const = [
+	[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1],
+	[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+	[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1] //BUG: map is twisted along this diagonal
+];
+
+var tileset: [int: string] const = [
+	0: "  ",
+	1: "X "
+];
+
+//variables
+var posX: int = 4;
+var posY: int = 4;
+
+//functions
+fn draw() {
+	for (var j: int = 0; j < HEIGHT; j++) {
+		for (var i: int = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
+			//draw the player pos
+			if (i == posX && j == posY) {
+				print "O ";
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			print tileset[ tiles[i][j] ];
+		}
+		print "\n";
+	}
+	print "\n";
+}
+
+fn moveRelative(xrel: int, yrel: int) {
+	if (xrel > 1 || xrel < -1 || yrel > 1 || yrel < -1 || (xrel != 0 && yrel != 0)) {
+		print "too fast!\n";
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (tiles[posX + xrel][posY + yrel] > 0) {
+		print "Can't move that way\n";
+		return;
+	}
+
+	posX += xrel;
+	posY += yrel;
+
+	draw();
+}
+
+//wrap for easy use
+var up: [int] const = [0, -1];
+var down: [int] const = [0, 1];
+var left: [int] const = [-1, 0];
+var right: [int] const = [1, 0];
+
+fn move(dir: [int] const) {
+	return moveRelative(dir[0], dir[1]);
+}
+
+//initial display
+move([0, 0]);

scripts/roguelike-seeds.toy

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+
+Since this is a pseudo-random generator, and there's no internal state to the algorithm other
+than the generator opaque, there needs to be a "call counter" (current depth) to shuffle the
+initial seeds, otherwise generators created from other generators will resemble their parents,
+but one call greater.
+
+*/
+
+import standard;
+import random;
+
+var DEPTH: int const = 20;
+var levels = [];
+
+//generate the level seeds
+var generator: opaque = createRandomGenerator(clock().hash());
+
+for (var i: int = 0; i < DEPTH; i++) {
+	levels.push(generator.generateRandomNumber());
+}
+
+generator.freeRandomGenerator();
+
+//generate "levels" of a roguelike
+for (var i = 0; i < DEPTH; i++) {
+	var rng: opaque = createRandomGenerator(levels[i] + i);
+
+	print "---";
+	print levels[i];
+	print rng.generateRandomNumber();
+	print rng.generateRandomNumber();
+	print rng.generateRandomNumber();
+
+	rng.freeRandomGenerator();
+}

scripts/rule110.toy

@@ -1,66 +1,49 @@
-var size: int const = 100;
+//number of iterations
+var SIZE: int const = 100;
 
-var prev = [];
-for (var i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-	prev.push(false);
+//lookup table
+var lookup = [
+	"*": [
+		"*": [
+			"*": " ",
+			" ": "*"
+		],
+		" ": [
+			"*": "*",
+			" ": " "
+		]
+], " ": [
+		"*": [
+			"*": "*",
+			" ": "*"
+		],
+		" ": [
+			"*": "*",
+			" ": " "
+		]
+]];
+
+//initial line to build from
+var prev: string = "";
+for (var i = 0; i < SIZE -1; i++) {
+	prev += " ";
 }
+prev += "*"; //initial
+print prev;
 
-prev.set(size - 1, true);
+//run
+for (var iteration = 0; iteration < SIZE -1; iteration++) {
+	//left
+	var output = (lookup[" "][prev[0]][prev[1]]);
 
-
-fn calc(p, i) {
-	if (p[i-1] && p[i] && p[i+1]) {
-		return false;
+	//middle
+	for (var i = 1; i < SIZE-1; i++) {
+		output += (lookup[prev[i-1]][prev[i]][prev[i+1]]);
 	}
 
-	if (p[i-1] && p[i] && !p[i+1]) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	if (p[i-1] && !p[i] && p[i+1]) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	if (p[i-1] && !p[i] && !p[i+1]) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (!p[i-1] && p[i] && p[i+1]) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	if (!p[i-1] && p[i] && !p[i+1]) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	if (!p[i-1] && !p[i] && p[i+1]) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	if (!p[i-1] && !p[i] && !p[i+1]) {
-		return false;
-	}
-}
-
-
-
-for (var iteration = 0; iteration < 100; iteration++) {
-	var line = [false];
-	for (var i = 1; i < size-1; i++) {
-		line.push(calc(prev, i));
-	}
-	line.push(false);
-
-	var output = "";
-	for (var i = 0; i < line.length(); i++) {
-		if (line[i]) {
-			output += "*";
-		}
-		else {
-			output += " ";
-		}
-	}
+	//right
+	output += (lookup[prev[SIZE-2]][prev[SIZE-1]][" "]);
 
 	print output;
-	prev = line;
+	prev = output;
 }

scripts/small.toy

@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-
-
-fn _b(self) {
-	print "running _b";
-	print self;
-	return self;
-}
-
-fn _c(self) {
-	print "running _c";
-	print self;
-	return self;
-}
-
-fn _d(self) {
-	print "running _d";
-	print self;
-	return self;
-}
-
-fn _e(self) {
-	print "running _e";
-	print self;
-	return self;
-}
-
-fn _f(self) {
-	print "running _f";
-	print self;
-	return self;
-}
-
-
-fn b() {
-	print "running b";
-}
-
-fn c() {
-	print "running c";
-}
-
-fn d() {
-	print "running d";
-}
-
-fn e() {
-	print "running e";
-}
-
-fn f() {
-	print "running f";
-}
-
-var a = 42;
-
-print a.b().c().d().e().f();

scripts/test/imports-and-exports.toy

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-//test basic import/export
-{
-	var variable: int = 42;
-	export variable as field;
-}
-
-{
-	import field as value;
-	assert value == 42, "import/export failed";
-}
-
-
-//test functions using import/export
-{
-	fn f() {
-		import field;
-
-		assert field == 42, "import in function failed";
-	}
-}
-
-
-//test importing/exporting of functions
-{
-	fn func() {
-		return 69;
-	}
-
-	export func;
-}
-
-{
-	import func;
-	assert func() == 69, "import/export of functions failed";
-}
-
-
-//test that variables retain their types with the typeof keyword
-{
-	var t: type = int;
-
-	export t;
-}
-
-{
-	import t;
-
-	assert typeof t == type, "type retention failed";
-}
-
-
-print "All good";

scripts/test/lib/standard.toy

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-//test the standard library
-{
-	import standard;
-
-	//this depends on external factors, so only check the length
-	assert clock().length() == 24, "clock() import failed";
-}
-
-
-print "All good";

scripts/test/native-functions.toy

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-
-{
-	//test arrays without types
-	var array = [];
-
-	assert _length(array) == 0, "_length failed with array";
-
-	_push(array, 1);
-	_push(array, 2);
-	_push(array, 3);
-	_push(array, 4);
-	_push(array, "foo");
-
-	assert _length(array) == 5, "_push failed with array";
-	assert _pop(array) == "foo", "_pop failed with array";
-
-	_set(array, 2, "bar");
-	assert array == [1, 2, "bar", 4], "_set failed with array";
-	assert _get(array, 3) == 4, "_get failed with array";
-
-
-	//test dictionaries without types
-	var dict = [:];
-
-	_set(dict, "key", "value");
-	_set(dict, 1, 2);
-
-	assert dict == ["key":"value", 1:2], "_set failed with dictionaries";
-	assert _get(dict, "key") == "value", "_get failed with dictionaries";
-
-
-	//test _length
-	assert _length(array) == 4 && _length(dict) == 2, "_length failed with array or dictionaries";
-
-
-	//test clear
-	_clear(array);
-	_clear(dict);
-
-	assert _length(array) == 0 && _length(dict) == 0, "_clear failed with array or dictionaries";
-}
-
-
-{
-	//test arrays with types
-	var array: [int] = [];
-
-	assert _length(array) == 0, "_length failed with array (+ types)";
-
-	_push(array, 1);
-	_push(array, 2);
-	_push(array, 3);
-	_push(array, 4);
-	_push(array, 10);
-
-	assert _length(array) == 5, "_push or failed with array (+ types)";
-	assert _pop(array) == 10, "_pop failed with array (+ types)";
-
-	_set(array, 2, 70);
-	assert array == [1, 2, 70, 4], "_set failed with array (+ types)";
-	assert _get(array, 3) == 4, "_get failed with array (+ types)";
-
-
-	//test dictionaries with types
-	var dict: [string : string] = [:];
-
-	_set(dict, "key", "value");
-
-	assert dict == ["key":"value"], "_set failed with dictionaries (+ types)";
-	assert _get(dict, "key") == "value", "_get failed with dictionaries (+ types)";
-
-
-	//test length with types
-	assert _length(array) == 4 && _length(dict) == 1, "_length failed with array or dictionaries (+ types)";
-
-
-	//test clear with types
-	_clear(array);
-	_clear(dict);
-
-	assert _length(array) == 0 && _length(dict) == 0, "_clear failed with array or dictionaries (+ types)";
-}
-
-{
-	var str = "hello world";
-
-	assert _length(str) == 11, "_length failed with string";
-}
-
-
-print "All good";

scripts/test/panic-within-functions.toy

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-
-
-fn panic() {
-	assert false, "This should only be seen once";
-}
-
-panic();
-panic();

scripts/test/separate-exports.toy

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-//test exports
-var field: int = 42;
-
-fn function() {
-	return 69;
-}
-
-export field;
-export function;
-
-print "All good";

scripts/test/separate-imports.toy

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-//test imports
-import field;
-//import function;
-
-//assert field == 42, "import field failed";
-
-//assert function() == 69, "import function failed";
-
-print "All good";
-

scripts/test_sum/results.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+C	0.002s	1
+JS	0.064s	32
+Py3	0.070s	35
+Toy	0.430s	215

scripts/test_sum/test_sum.c

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+//functions be local in C
+int sum(int n) {
+	if (n < 2) {
+		return n;
+	}
+
+	return n + sum(n - 1);
+}
+
+//the test case (C)
+void test_sum(int key, int val) {
+	const int result = sum(val);
+	printf("%d: %d\n", key, result);
+}
+
+int main() {
+	for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
+		test_sum(i, i * 1000);
+	}
+}

scripts/test_sum/test_sum.js

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//the test case (js)
+function test_sum(key, val) {
+    function sum(n) {
+        if (n < 2) {
+            return n;
+        }
+
+        return n + sum(n - 1);
+    }
+
+    const result = sum(val);
+    console.log(`${key}: ${result}`);
+}
+
+for (let i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
+    test_sum(i, i * 1000);
+}

scripts/test_sum/test_sum.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import sys
+sys.setrecursionlimit(11000)
+
+#the test case (python)
+def test_sum(key: int, val: int):
+    def sum(n: int):
+        if n < 2:
+            return n
+        
+        return n + sum(n - 1)
+    
+    result: int = sum(val)
+    print(str(key) + ": " + str(result))
+
+for i in range(0, 10):
+    test_sum(i, i * 1000)

scripts/test_sum/test_sum.toy

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//the test case (toy)
+fn test_sum(key: int, val: int) {
+	fn sum(n: int) {
+		if (n < 2) {
+			return n;
+		}
+
+		return n + sum(n - 1);
+	}
+
+	var result: int const = sum(val);
+	print string key + ": " + string result;
+}
+
+for (var i: int = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
+	test_sum(i, i * 1000);
+}

source/ast_node.c

@@ -1,294 +0,0 @@
-#include "ast_node.h"
-
-#include "memory.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-void freeNodeCustom(ASTNode* node, bool freeSelf) {
-	//don't free a NULL node
-	if (node == NULL) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	switch(node->type) {
-		case AST_NODEERROR:
-			//NO-OP
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODELITERAL:
-			freeLiteral(node->atomic.literal);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEUNARY:
-			freeNode(node->unary.child);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEBINARY:
-			freeNode(node->binary.left);
-			freeNode(node->binary.right);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEGROUPING:
-			freeNode(node->grouping.child);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEBLOCK:
-			for (int i = 0; i < node->block.count; i++) {
-				freeNodeCustom(node->block.nodes + i, false);
-			}
-			FREE_ARRAY(ASTNode, node->block.nodes, node->block.capacity);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODECOMPOUND:
-			for (int i = 0; i < node->compound.count; i++) {
-				freeNodeCustom(node->compound.nodes + i, false);
-			}
-			FREE_ARRAY(ASTNode, node->compound.nodes, node->compound.capacity);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEPAIR:
-			freeNode(node->pair.left);
-			freeNode(node->pair.right);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEVAR_DECL:
-			freeLiteral(node->varDecl.identifier);
-			freeLiteral(node->varDecl.typeLiteral);
-			freeNode(node->varDecl.expression);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEFN_DECL:
-			freeLiteral(node->fnDecl.identifier);
-			freeNode(node->fnDecl.arguments);
-			freeNode(node->fnDecl.returns);
-			freeNode(node->fnDecl.block);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEFN_COLLECTION:
-			for (int i = 0; i < node->fnCollection.count; i++) {
-				freeNodeCustom(node->fnCollection.nodes + i, false);
-			}
-			FREE_ARRAY(ASTNode, node->fnCollection.nodes, node->fnCollection.capacity);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEFN_CALL:
-			freeNode(node->fnCall.arguments);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEPATH_IF:
-		case AST_NODEPATH_WHILE:
-		case AST_NODEPATH_FOR:
-		case AST_NODEPATH_BREAK:
-		case AST_NODEPATH_CONTINUE:
-		case AST_NODEPATH_RETURN:
-			freeNode(node->path.preClause);
-			freeNode(node->path.postClause);
-			freeNode(node->path.condition);
-			freeNode(node->path.thenPath);
-			freeNode(node->path.elsePath);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEINCREMENT_PREFIX:
-		case AST_NODEINCREMENT_POSTFIX:
-			freeLiteral(node->increment.identifier);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEIMPORT:
-		case AST_NODEEXPORT:
-			freeLiteral(node->import.identifier);
-			freeLiteral(node->import.alias);
-		break;
-
-		case AST_NODEINDEX:
-		case AST_NODEDOT:
-			freeNode(node->index.first);
-			freeNode(node->index.second);
-			freeNode(node->index.third);
-		break;
-	}
-
-	if (freeSelf) {
-		FREE(ASTNode, node);
-	}
-}
-
-void freeNode(ASTNode* node) {
-	freeNodeCustom(node, true);
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeLiteral(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal literal) {
-	//allocate a new node
-	*nodeHandle = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	(*nodeHandle)->type = AST_NODELITERAL;
-	(*nodeHandle)->atomic.literal = copyLiteral(literal);
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeUnary(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Opcode opcode, ASTNode* child) {
-	//allocate a new node
-	*nodeHandle = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	(*nodeHandle)->type = AST_NODEUNARY;
-	(*nodeHandle)->unary.opcode = opcode;
-	(*nodeHandle)->unary.child = child;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeBinary(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* rhs, Opcode opcode) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEBINARY;
-	tmp->binary.opcode = opcode;
-	tmp->binary.left = *nodeHandle;
-	tmp->binary.right = rhs;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeGrouping(ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEGROUPING;
-	tmp->grouping.child = *nodeHandle;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeBlock(ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEBLOCK;
-	tmp->block.nodes = NULL;
-	tmp->block.capacity = 0;
-	tmp->block.count = 0;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeCompound(ASTNode** nodeHandle, LiteralType literalType) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODECOMPOUND;
-	tmp->compound.literalType = literalType;
-	tmp->compound.nodes = NULL;
-	tmp->compound.capacity = 0;
-	tmp->compound.count = 0;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void setASTNodePair(ASTNode* node, ASTNode* left, ASTNode* right) {
-	//assume the node has already been allocated
-	node->type = AST_NODEPAIR;
-	node->pair.left = left;
-	node->pair.right = right;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeVarDecl(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, Literal typeLiteral, ASTNode* expression) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEVAR_DECL;
-	tmp->varDecl.identifier = identifier;
-	tmp->varDecl.typeLiteral = typeLiteral;
-	tmp->varDecl.expression = expression;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeFnDecl(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, ASTNode* arguments, ASTNode* returns, ASTNode* block) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEFN_DECL;
-	tmp->fnDecl.identifier = identifier;
-	tmp->fnDecl.arguments = arguments;
-	tmp->fnDecl.returns = returns;
-	tmp->fnDecl.block = block;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTFnCall(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* arguments, int argumentCount) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEFN_CALL;
-	tmp->fnCall.arguments = arguments;
-	tmp->fnCall.argumentCount = argumentCount;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeFnCollection(ASTNode** nodeHandle) { //a collection of nodes, intended for use with functions
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEFN_COLLECTION;
-	tmp->fnCollection.nodes = NULL;
-	tmp->fnCollection.capacity = 0;
-	tmp->fnCollection.count = 0;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodePath(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNodeType type, ASTNode* preClause, ASTNode* postClause, ASTNode* condition, ASTNode* thenPath, ASTNode* elsePath) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = type;
-	tmp->path.preClause = preClause;
-	tmp->path.postClause = postClause;
-	tmp->path.condition = condition;
-	tmp->path.thenPath = thenPath;
-	tmp->path.elsePath = elsePath;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodePrefixIncrement(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, int increment) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEINCREMENT_PREFIX;
-	tmp->increment.identifier = copyLiteral(identifier);
-	tmp->increment.increment = increment;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodePostfixIncrement(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, int increment) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEINCREMENT_POSTFIX;
-	tmp->increment.identifier = copyLiteral(identifier);
-	tmp->increment.increment = increment;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeImport(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNodeType mode, Literal identifier, Literal alias) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = mode;
-	tmp->import.identifier = copyLiteral(identifier);
-	tmp->import.alias = copyLiteral(alias);
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeIndex(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* first, ASTNode* second, ASTNode* third) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEINDEX;
-	tmp->index.first = first;
-	tmp->index.second = second;
-	tmp->index.third = third;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}
-
-void emitASTNodeDot(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* first) {
-	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
-
-	tmp->type = AST_NODEDOT;
-	tmp->index.first = first;
-	tmp->index.second = NULL;
-	tmp->index.third = NULL;
-
-	*nodeHandle = tmp;
-}

source/ast_node.h

@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-#include "literal.h"
-#include "opcodes.h"
-#include "token_types.h"
-
-//nodes are the intermediaries between parsers and compilers
-typedef union _node ASTNode;
-
-typedef enum ASTNodeType {
-	AST_NODEERROR,
-	AST_NODELITERAL, //a simple value
-	AST_NODEUNARY, //one child + opcode
-	AST_NODEBINARY, //two children, left and right + opcode
-	AST_NODEGROUPING, //one child
-	AST_NODEBLOCK, //contains a sub-node array
-	AST_NODECOMPOUND, //contains a sub-node array
-	AST_NODEPAIR, //contains a left and right
-	AST_NODEVAR_DECL, //contains identifier literal, typenode, expression definition
-	AST_NODEFN_DECL, //containd identifier literal, arguments node, returns node, block node
-	AST_NODEFN_COLLECTION, //parts of a function
-	AST_NODEFN_CALL,
-	AST_NODEPATH_IF, //for control flow
-	AST_NODEPATH_WHILE, //for control flow
-	AST_NODEPATH_FOR, //for control flow
-	AST_NODEPATH_BREAK, //for control flow
-	AST_NODEPATH_CONTINUE, //for control flow
-	AST_NODEPATH_RETURN,
-	AST_NODEINCREMENT_PREFIX,
-	AST_NODEINCREMENT_POSTFIX,
-	AST_NODEIMPORT,
-	AST_NODEEXPORT,
-	AST_NODEINDEX,
-	AST_NODEDOT,
-} ASTNodeType;
-
-typedef struct NodeLiteral {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	Literal literal;
-} NodeLiteral;
-
-typedef struct NodeUnary {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	Opcode opcode;
-	ASTNode* child;
-} NodeUnary;
-
-typedef struct NodeBinary {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	Opcode opcode;
-	ASTNode* left;
-	ASTNode* right;
-} NodeBinary;
-
-typedef struct NodeGrouping {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	ASTNode* child;
-} NodeGrouping;
-
-typedef struct NodeBlock {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	ASTNode* nodes;
-	int capacity;
-	int count;
-} NodeBlock;
-
-typedef struct NodeCompound {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	LiteralType literalType;
-	ASTNode* nodes;
-	int capacity;
-	int count;
-} NodeCompound;
-
-typedef struct NodePair {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	ASTNode* left;
-	ASTNode* right;
-} NodePair;
-
-typedef struct NodeVarDecl {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	Literal identifier;
-	Literal typeLiteral;
-	ASTNode* expression;
-} NodeVarDecl;
-
-typedef struct NodeFnDecl {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	Literal identifier;
-	ASTNode* arguments;
-	ASTNode* returns;
-	ASTNode* block;
-} NodeFnDecl;
-
-typedef struct NodeFnCollection {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	ASTNode* nodes;
-	int capacity;
-	int count;
-} NodeFnCollection;
-
-typedef struct NodeFnCall {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	ASTNode* arguments;
-	int argumentCount;
-} NodeFnCall;
-
-typedef struct NodePath {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	ASTNode* preClause;
-	ASTNode* postClause;
-	ASTNode* condition;
-	ASTNode* thenPath;
-	ASTNode* elsePath;
-} NodePath;
-
-typedef struct NodeIncrement {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	Literal identifier;
-	int increment;
-} NodeIncrement;
-
-typedef struct NodeImport {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	Literal identifier;
-	Literal alias;
-} NodeImport;
-
-typedef struct NodeIndex {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	ASTNode* first;
-	ASTNode* second;
-	ASTNode* third;
-} NodeIndex;
-
-union _node {
-	ASTNodeType type;
-	NodeLiteral atomic;
-	NodeUnary unary;
-	NodeBinary binary;
-	NodeGrouping grouping;
-	NodeBlock block;
-	NodeCompound compound;
-	NodePair pair;
-	NodeVarDecl varDecl;
-	NodeFnDecl fnDecl;
-	NodeFnCollection fnCollection;
-	NodeFnCall fnCall;
-	NodePath path;
-	NodeIncrement increment;
-	NodeImport import;
-	NodeIndex index;
-};
-
-TOY_API void freeNode(ASTNode* node);
-
-void emitASTNodeLiteral(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal literal);
-void emitASTNodeUnary(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Opcode opcode, ASTNode* child);
-void emitASTNodeBinary(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* rhs, Opcode opcode); //handled node becomes lhs
-void emitASTNodeGrouping(ASTNode** nodeHandle);
-void emitASTNodeBlock(ASTNode** nodeHandle);
-void emitASTNodeCompound(ASTNode** nodeHandle, LiteralType literalType);
-void setASTNodePair(ASTNode* node, ASTNode* left, ASTNode* right);
-void emitASTNodeVarDecl(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, Literal type, ASTNode* expression);
-void emitASTNodeFnDecl(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, ASTNode* arguments, ASTNode* returns, ASTNode* block);
-void emitASTFnCall(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* arguments, int argumentCount);
-void emitASTNodeFnCollection(ASTNode** nodeHandle);
-void emitASTNodePath(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNodeType type, ASTNode* preClause, ASTNode* postClause, ASTNode* condition, ASTNode* thenPath, ASTNode* elsePath);
-void emitASTNodePrefixIncrement(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, int increment);
-void emitASTNodePostfixIncrement(ASTNode** nodeHandle, Literal identifier, int increment);
-void emitASTNodeImport(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNodeType mode, Literal identifier, Literal alias);
-void emitASTNodeIndex(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* first, ASTNode* second, ASTNode* third);
-void emitASTNodeDot(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* first);

source/builtin.h

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "interpreter.h"
-
-int _index(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);
-int _set(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);
-int _get(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);
-int _push(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);
-int _pop(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);
-int _length(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);
-int _clear(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);

source/common.c

@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <assert.h>
-
-//test variable sizes based on platform
-#define STATIC_ASSERT(test_for_true) static_assert((test_for_true), "(" #test_for_true ") failed")
-
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(char) == 1);
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(short) == 2);
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(int) == 4);
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(float) == 4);
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(unsigned char) == 1);
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(unsigned short) == 2);
-STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(unsigned int) == 4);
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-
-//declare the singleton
-Command command;
-
-void initCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
-	//default values
-	command.error = false;
-	command.help = false;
-	command.version = false;
-	command.binaryfile = NULL;
-	command.sourcefile = NULL;
-	command.compilefile = NULL;
-	command.outfile = "out.tb";
-	command.source = NULL;
-	command.verbose = false;
-
-	for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { //start at 1 to skip the program name
-		command.error = true; //error state by default, set to false by successful flags
-
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-h") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--help")) {
-			command.help = true;
-			command.error = false;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-v") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--version")) {
-			command.version = true;
-			command.error = false;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-d") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--debug")) {
-			command.verbose = true;
-			command.error = false;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-f") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--sourcefile")) && i + 1 < argc) {
-			command.sourcefile = (char*)argv[i + 1];
-			i++;
-			command.error = false;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-i") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--input")) && i + 1 < argc) {
-			command.source = (char*)argv[i + 1];
-			i++;
-			command.error = false;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-c") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--compile")) && i + 1 < argc) {
-			command.compilefile = (char*)argv[i + 1];
-			i++;
-			command.error = false;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-o") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--output")) && i + 1 < argc) {
-			command.outfile = (char*)argv[i + 1];
-			i++;
-			command.error = false;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		//option without a flag + ending in .tb = binary input
-		if (i < argc) {
-			if (strncmp(&(argv[i][strlen(argv[i]) - 3]), ".tb", 3) == 0) {
-				command.binaryfile = (char*)argv[i];
-				command.error = false;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-
-		//don't keep reading in an error state
-		return;
-	}
-}
-
-void usageCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
-	printf("Usage: %s [<file.tb> | -h | -v | [-d][-f file | -i source | -c file [-o outfile]]]\n\n", argv[0]);
-}
-
-void helpCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
-	usageCommand(argc, argv);
-
-	printf("<file.tb>\t\t\tBinary input file in tb format, must be version %d.%d.%d.\n\n", TOY_VERSION_MAJOR, TOY_VERSION_MINOR, TOY_VERSION_PATCH);
-	printf("-h\t| --help\t\tShow this help then exit.\n\n");
-	printf("-v\t| --version\t\tShow version and copyright information then exit.\n\n");
-	printf("-d\t| --debug\t\tBe verbose when operating.\n\n");
-	printf("-f\t| --file filename\tParse, compile and execute the source file.\n\n");
-	printf("-i\t| --input source\tParse, compile and execute this given string of source code.\n\n");
-	printf("-c\t| --compile filename\tParse and compile the specified source file into an output file.\n\n");
-	printf("-o\t| --output outfile\tName of the output file built with --compile (default: out.tb).\n\n");
-}
-
-void copyrightCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
-	printf("Toy Programming Language Interpreter Version %d.%d.%d (built on %s)\n\n", TOY_VERSION_MAJOR, TOY_VERSION_MINOR, TOY_VERSION_PATCH, TOY_VERSION_BUILD);
-	printf("Copyright (c) 2020-2022 Kayne Ruse, KR Game Studios\n\n");
-	printf("This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.\n\n");
-	printf("Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:\n\n");
-	printf("1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be appreciated but is not required.\n\n");
-	printf("2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software.\n\n");
-	printf("3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.\n\n");
-}
-
-#endif

source/common.h

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <stddef.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-#define TOY_VERSION_MAJOR 0
-#define TOY_VERSION_MINOR 6
-#define TOY_VERSION_PATCH 0
-#define TOY_VERSION_BUILD __DATE__ " " __TIME__
-
-//platform exports/imports
-#if defined(__linux__)
-#define TOY_API extern
-#else
-#define TOY_API
-#endif
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-//for processing the command line arguments
-typedef struct {
-	bool error;
-	bool help;
-	bool version;
-	char* binaryfile;
-	char* sourcefile;
-	char* compilefile;
-	char* outfile; //defaults to out.tb
-	char* source;
-	bool verbose;
-} Command;
-
-extern Command command;
-
-void initCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]);
-
-void usageCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]);
-void helpCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]);
-void copyrightCommand(int argc, const char* argv[]);
-#endif
-
-//NOTE: assigning to a byte from a short loses data
-#define AS_USHORT(value) (*(unsigned short*)(&(value)))

source/compiler.h

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-#include "opcodes.h"
-#include "ast_node.h"
-#include "literal_array.h"
-
-//the compiler takes the nodes, and turns them into sequential chunks of bytecode, saving literals to an external array
-typedef struct Compiler {
-	LiteralArray literalCache;
-	unsigned char* bytecode;
-	int capacity;
-	int count;
-} Compiler;
-
-TOY_API void initCompiler(Compiler* compiler);
-TOY_API void writeCompiler(Compiler* compiler, ASTNode* node);
-TOY_API void freeCompiler(Compiler* compiler);
-
-//embed the header, data section, code section, function section, etc.
-TOY_API unsigned char* collateCompiler(Compiler* compiler, int* size);

source/console_colors.h

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-//NOTE: you need both font AND background for these to work
-
-//fonts color
-#define FONT_BLACK      "\033[30;"
-#define FONT_RED        "\033[31;"
-#define FONT_GREEN      "\033[32;"
-#define FONT_YELLOW     "\033[33;"
-#define FONT_BLUE       "\033[34;"
-#define FONT_PURPLE     "\033[35;"
-#define FONT_DGREEN     "\033[6;"
-#define FONT_WHITE      "\033[7;"
-#define FONT_CYAN       "\x1b[36m"
-
-//background color
-#define BACK_BLACK      "40m"
-#define BACK_RED        "41m"
-#define BACK_GREEN      "42m"
-#define BACK_YELLOW     "43m"
-#define BACK_BLUE       "44m"
-#define BACK_PURPLE     "45m"
-#define BACK_DGREEN     "46m"
-#define BACK_WHITE      "47m"
-
-//useful
-#define NOTICE FONT_GREEN BACK_BLACK
-#define WARN FONT_YELLOW BACK_BLACK   
-#define ERROR FONT_RED BACK_BLACK   
-#define RESET "\033[0m"

source/interpreter.h

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-#include "literal.h"
-#include "literal_array.h"
-#include "literal_dictionary.h"
-#include "scope.h"
-
-typedef void (*PrintFn)(const char*);
-
-//the interpreter acts depending on the bytecode instructions
-typedef struct Interpreter {
-	//input
-	unsigned char* bytecode;
-	int length;
-	int count;
-	int codeStart; //BUGFIX: for jumps, must be initialized to -1
-	LiteralArray literalCache; //read-only - built from the bytecode, refreshed each time new bytecode is provided
-
-	//operation
-	Scope* scope;
-	LiteralArray stack;
-
-	LiteralDictionary* exports; //read-write - interface with Toy from C - this is a pointer, since it works at a script-level
-	LiteralDictionary* exportTypes;
-	LiteralDictionary* hooks;
-
-	//debug outputs
-	PrintFn printOutput;
-	PrintFn assertOutput;
-	PrintFn errorOutput;
-
-	int depth; //don't overflow
-	bool panic;
-} Interpreter;
-
-//native API
-typedef int (*NativeFn)(Interpreter* interpreter, LiteralArray* arguments);
-TOY_API bool injectNativeFn(Interpreter* interpreter, char* name, NativeFn func);
-
-typedef int (*HookFn)(Interpreter* interpreter, Literal identifier, Literal alias);
-TOY_API bool injectNativeHook(Interpreter* interpreter, char* name, HookFn hook);
-
-TOY_API bool callLiteralFn(Interpreter* interpreter, Literal func, LiteralArray* arguments, LiteralArray* returns);
-TOY_API bool callFn(Interpreter* interpreter, char* name, LiteralArray* arguments, LiteralArray* returns);
-
-//utilities for the host program
-TOY_API bool parseIdentifierToValue(Interpreter* interpreter, Literal* literalPtr);
-TOY_API void setInterpreterPrint(Interpreter* interpreter, PrintFn printOutput);
-TOY_API void setInterpreterAssert(Interpreter* interpreter, PrintFn assertOutput);
-TOY_API void setInterpreterError(Interpreter* interpreter, PrintFn errorOutput);
-
-//main access
-TOY_API void initInterpreter(Interpreter* interpreter); //start of program
-TOY_API void runInterpreter(Interpreter* interpreter, unsigned char* bytecode, int length); //run the code
-TOY_API void resetInterpreter(Interpreter* interpreter); //use this to reset the interpreter's environment between runs
-TOY_API void freeInterpreter(Interpreter* interpreter); //end of program

source/keyword_types.c

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-#include "keyword_types.h"
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <string.h>
-
-KeywordType keywordTypes[] = {
-	//type keywords
-	{TOKEN_NULL,       "null"},
-	{TOKEN_BOOLEAN,    "bool"},
-	{TOKEN_INTEGER,    "int"},
-	{TOKEN_FLOAT,      "float"},
-	{TOKEN_STRING,     "string"},
-	{TOKEN_FUNCTION,   "fn"},
-	{TOKEN_OPAQUE,     "opaque"},
-	{TOKEN_ANY,        "any"},
-
-	//other keywords
-	{TOKEN_AS,         "as"},
-	{TOKEN_ASSERT,     "assert"},
-	{TOKEN_BREAK,      "break"},
-	{TOKEN_CLASS,      "class"},
-	{TOKEN_CONST,      "const"},
-	{TOKEN_CONTINUE,   "continue"},
-	{TOKEN_DO,         "do"},
-	{TOKEN_ELSE,       "else"},
-	{TOKEN_EXPORT,     "export"},
-	{TOKEN_FOR,        "for"},
-	{TOKEN_FOREACH,    "foreach"},
-	{TOKEN_IF,         "if"},
-	{TOKEN_IMPORT,     "import"},
-	{TOKEN_IN,         "in"},
-	{TOKEN_OF,         "of"},
-	{TOKEN_PRINT,      "print"},
-	{TOKEN_RETURN,     "return"},
-	{TOKEN_TYPE,       "type"},
-	{TOKEN_ASTYPE,     "astype"},
-	{TOKEN_TYPEOF,     "typeof"},
-	{TOKEN_VAR,        "var"},
-	{TOKEN_WHILE,      "while"},
-
-	//literal values
-	{TOKEN_LITERAL_TRUE,   "true"},
-	{TOKEN_LITERAL_FALSE,  "false"},
-
-	//meta tokens
-	{TOKEN_PASS,       NULL},
-	{TOKEN_ERROR,      NULL},
-
-	{TOKEN_EOF, NULL},
-};
-
-char* findKeywordByType(TokenType type) {
-	if (type == TOKEN_EOF) {
-		return "EOF";
-	}
-
-	for(int i = 0; keywordTypes[i].keyword; i++) {
-		if (keywordTypes[i].type == type) {
-			return keywordTypes[i].keyword;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-TokenType findTypeByKeyword(const char* keyword) {
-	const int length = strlen(keyword);
-
-	for (int i = 0; keywordTypes[i].keyword; i++) {
-		if (!strncmp(keyword, keywordTypes[i].keyword, length)) {
-			return keywordTypes[i].type;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return TOKEN_EOF;
-}

source/keyword_types.h

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "token_types.h"
-
-typedef struct {
-	TokenType type;
-	char* keyword;
-} KeywordType;
-
-extern KeywordType keywordTypes[];
-
-char* findKeywordByType(TokenType type);
-
-TokenType findTypeByKeyword(const char* keyword);

source/lexer.c

@@ -1,348 +0,0 @@
-#include "lexer.h"
-#include "console_colors.h"
-#include "keyword_types.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-
-//static generic utility functions
-static void cleanLexer(Lexer* lexer) {
-	lexer->source = NULL;
-	lexer->start = 0;
-	lexer->current = 0;
-	lexer->line = 1;
-}
-
-static bool isAtEnd(Lexer* lexer) {
-	return lexer->source[lexer->current] == '\0';
-}
-
-static char peek(Lexer* lexer) {
-	return lexer->source[lexer->current];
-}
-
-static char peekNext(Lexer* lexer) {
-	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) return '\0';
-	return lexer->source[lexer->current + 1];
-}
-
-static char advance(Lexer* lexer) {
-	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) {
-		return '\0';
-	}
-
-	//new line
-	if (lexer->source[lexer->current] == '\n') {
-		lexer->line++;
-	}
-
-	lexer->current++;
-	return lexer->source[lexer->current - 1];
-}
-
-static void eatWhitespace(Lexer* lexer) {
-	const char c = peek(lexer);
-
-	switch(c) {
-		case ' ':
-		case '\r':
-		case '\n':
-		case '\t':
-			advance(lexer);
-			break;
-
-		//comments
-		case '/':
-			//eat the line
-			if (peekNext(lexer) == '/') {
-				while (advance(lexer) != '\n' && !isAtEnd(lexer));
-				break;
-			}
-
-			//eat the block
-			if (peekNext(lexer) == '*') {
-				advance(lexer);
-				advance(lexer);
-				while(!(peek(lexer) == '*' && peekNext(lexer) == '/')) advance(lexer);
-				advance(lexer);
-				advance(lexer);
-				break;
-			}
-		return;
-
-		default:
-			return;
-	}
-
-	//tail recursion
-	eatWhitespace(lexer);
-}
-
-static bool isDigit(Lexer* lexer) {
-	return peek(lexer) >= '0' && peek(lexer) <= '9';
-}
-
-static bool isAlpha(Lexer* lexer) {
-	return
-		(peek(lexer) >= 'A' && peek(lexer) <= 'Z') ||
-		(peek(lexer) >= 'a' && peek(lexer) <= 'z') ||
-		peek(lexer) == '_'
-	;
-}
-
-static bool match(Lexer* lexer, char c) {
-	if (peek(lexer) == c) {
-		advance(lexer);
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-//token generators
-static Token makeErrorToken(Lexer* lexer, char* msg) {
-	Token token;
-
-	token.type = TOKEN_ERROR;
-	token.lexeme = msg;
-	token.length = strlen(msg);
-	token.line = lexer->line;
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-	if (command.verbose) {
-		printf("err:");
-		printToken(&token);
-	}
-#endif
-
-	return token;
-}
-
-static Token makeToken(Lexer* lexer, TokenType type) {
-	Token token;
-
-	token.type = type;
-	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
-	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->current - token.length];
-	token.line = lexer->line;
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-	//BUG #10: this shows TOKEN_EOF twice due to the overarching structure of the program - can't be fixed
-	if (command.verbose) {
-		printf("tok:");
-		printToken(&token);
-	}
-#endif
-
-	return token;
-}
-
-static Token makeIntegerOrFloat(Lexer* lexer) {
-	TokenType type = TOKEN_LITERAL_INTEGER; //what am I making?
-
-	while(isDigit(lexer)) advance(lexer);
-
-	if (peek(lexer) == '.' && (peekNext(lexer) >= '0' && peekNext(lexer) <= '9')) { //BUGFIX: peekNext == digit
-		type = TOKEN_LITERAL_FLOAT;
-		advance(lexer);
-		while(isDigit(lexer)) advance(lexer);
-	}
-
-	Token token;
-
-	token.type = type;
-	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start];
-	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
-	token.line = lexer->line;
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-	if (command.verbose) {
-		if (type == TOKEN_LITERAL_INTEGER) {
-			printf("int:");
-		} else {
-			printf("flt:");
-		}
-		printToken(&token);
-	}
-#endif
-
-	return token;
-}
-
-static Token makeString(Lexer* lexer, char terminator) {
-	while (!isAtEnd(lexer) && peek(lexer) != terminator) {
-		advance(lexer);
-	}
-
-	advance(lexer); //eat terminator
-
-	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) {
-		return makeErrorToken(lexer, "Unterminated string");
-	}
-
-	Token token;
-
-	token.type = TOKEN_LITERAL_STRING;
-	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start + 1];
-	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start - 2;
-	token.line = lexer->line;
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-	if (command.verbose) {
-		printf("str:");
-		printToken(&token);
-	}
-#endif
-
-	return token;
-}
-
-static Token makeKeywordOrIdentifier(Lexer* lexer) {
-	advance(lexer); //first letter can only be alpha
-
-	while(isDigit(lexer) || isAlpha(lexer)) {
-		advance(lexer);
-	}
-
-	//scan for a keyword
-	for (int i = 0; keywordTypes[i].keyword; i++) {
-		if (strlen(keywordTypes[i].keyword) == (long unsigned int)(lexer->current - lexer->start) && !strncmp(keywordTypes[i].keyword, &lexer->source[lexer->start], lexer->current - lexer->start)) {
-			Token token;
-
-			token.type = keywordTypes[i].type;
-			token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start];
-			token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
-			token.line = lexer->line;
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-			if (command.verbose) {
-				printf("kwd:");
-				printToken(&token);
-			}
-#endif
-
-			return token;
-		}
-	}
-
-	//return an identifier
-	Token token;
-
-	token.type = TOKEN_IDENTIFIER;
-	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start];
-	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
-	token.line = lexer->line;
-
-#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
-	if (command.verbose) {
-		printf("idf:");
-		printToken(&token);
-	}
-#endif
-
-	return token;
-}
-
-//exposed functions
-void initLexer(Lexer* lexer, char* source) {
-	cleanLexer(lexer);
-
-	lexer->source = source;
-}
-
-Token scanLexer(Lexer* lexer) {
-	eatWhitespace(lexer);
-
-	lexer->start = lexer->current;
-
-	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_EOF);
-
-	if (isDigit(lexer)) return makeIntegerOrFloat(lexer);
-	if (isAlpha(lexer)) return makeKeywordOrIdentifier(lexer);
-
-	char c = advance(lexer);
-
-	switch(c) {
-		case '(': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_PAREN_LEFT);
-		case ')': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_PAREN_RIGHT);
-		case '{': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_BRACE_LEFT);
-		case '}': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_BRACE_RIGHT);
-		case '[': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_BRACKET_LEFT);
-		case ']': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_BRACKET_RIGHT);
-
-		case '+': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_PLUS_ASSIGN : match(lexer, '+') ? TOKEN_PLUS_PLUS: TOKEN_PLUS);
-		case '-': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_MINUS_ASSIGN : match(lexer, '-') ? TOKEN_MINUS_MINUS: TOKEN_MINUS);
-		case '*': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_MULTIPLY_ASSIGN : TOKEN_MULTIPLY);
-		case '/': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_DIVIDE_ASSIGN : TOKEN_DIVIDE);
-		case '%': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_MODULO_ASSIGN : TOKEN_MODULO);
-
-		case '!': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_NOT_EQUAL : TOKEN_NOT);
-		case '=': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_EQUAL : TOKEN_ASSIGN);
-
-		case '<': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_LESS_EQUAL : TOKEN_LESS);
-		case '>': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOKEN_GREATER_EQUAL : TOKEN_GREATER);
-
-		case '&': //TOKEN_AND not used
-			if (advance(lexer) != '&') {
-				return makeErrorToken(lexer, "Unexpected '&'");
-			} else {
-				return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_AND);
-			}
-
-		case '|':  return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '|') ? TOKEN_OR : TOKEN_PIPE);
-
-		case ':': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_COLON);
-		case ';': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_SEMICOLON);
-		case ',': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_COMMA);
-		case '.':
-			if (peek(lexer) == '.' && peekNext(lexer) == '.') {
-				advance(lexer);
-				advance(lexer);
-				return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_REST);
-			}
-			return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_DOT);
-
-		case '"':
-			return makeString(lexer, c);
-			//TODO: possibly support interpolated strings
-
-		default: {
-			char buffer[128];
-			snprintf(buffer, 128, "Unexpected token: %c", c);
-			return makeErrorToken(lexer, buffer);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static void trim(char** s, int* l) { //all this to remove a newline?
-	while( isspace(( (*((unsigned char**)(s)))[(*l) - 1] )) ) (*l)--;
-	while(**s && isspace( **(unsigned char**)(s)) ) { (*s)++; (*l)--; }
-}
-
-//for debugging
-void printToken(Token* token) {
-	if (token->type == TOKEN_ERROR) {
-		printf(ERROR "Error\t%d\t%.*s\n" RESET, token->line, token->length, token->lexeme);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	printf("\t%d\t%d\t", token->type, token->line);
-
-	if (token->type == TOKEN_IDENTIFIER || token->type == TOKEN_LITERAL_INTEGER || token->type == TOKEN_LITERAL_FLOAT || token->type == TOKEN_LITERAL_STRING) {
-		printf("%.*s\t", token->length, token->lexeme);
-	} else {
-		char* keyword = findKeywordByType(token->type);
-
-		if (keyword != NULL) {
-			printf("%s", keyword);
-		} else {
-			char* str = token->lexeme;
-			int length = token->length;
-			trim(&str, &length);
-			printf("%.*s", length, str);
-		}
-	}
-
-	printf("\n");
-}

source/lexer.h

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-#include "token_types.h"
-
-//lexers are bound to a string of code, and return a single token every time scan is called
-typedef struct {
-	char* source;
-	int start; //start of the token
-	int current; //current position of the lexer
-	int line; //track this for error handling
-} Lexer;
-
-//tokens are intermediaries between lexers and parsers
-typedef struct {
-	TokenType type;
-	char* lexeme;
-	int length;
-	int line;
-} Token;
-
-TOY_API void initLexer(Lexer* lexer, char* source);
-Token scanLexer(Lexer* lexer);
-
-//for debugging
-void printToken(Token* token);

source/literal.c

@@ -1,703 +0,0 @@
-#include "literal.h"
-#include "memory.h"
-
-#include "literal_array.h"
-#include "literal_dictionary.h"
-#include "scope.h"
-
-#include "console_colors.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-//hash util functions
-static unsigned int hashString(const char* string, int length) {
-	unsigned int hash = 2166136261u;
-
-	for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-		hash *= string[i];
-		hash *= 16777619;
-	}
-
-	return hash;
-}
-
-static unsigned int hash(unsigned int x) {
-    x = ((x >> 16) ^ x) * 0x45d9f3b;
-    x = ((x >> 16) ^ x) * 0x45d9f3b;
-    x = (x >> 16) ^ x;
-    return x;
-}
-
-//exposed functions
-void freeLiteral(Literal literal) {
-	if (IS_STRING(literal)) {
-		FREE_ARRAY(char, AS_STRING(literal), literal.as.string.length + 1);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_ARRAY(literal) || literal.type == LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE || literal.type == LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE) {
-		freeLiteralArray(AS_ARRAY(literal));
-		FREE(LiteralArray, AS_ARRAY(literal));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_DICTIONARY(literal)) {
-		freeLiteralDictionary(AS_DICTIONARY(literal));
-		FREE(LiteralDictionary, AS_DICTIONARY(literal));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_FUNCTION(literal)) {
-		popScope(AS_FUNCTION(literal).scope);
-		AS_FUNCTION(literal).scope = NULL;
-		FREE_ARRAY(unsigned char, AS_FUNCTION(literal).bytecode, AS_FUNCTION(literal).length);
-	}
-
-	if (IS_IDENTIFIER(literal)) {
-		FREE_ARRAY(char, AS_IDENTIFIER(literal), literal.as.identifier.length + 1);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_TYPE(literal)) {
-		for (int i = 0; i < AS_TYPE(literal).count; i++) {
-			freeLiteral(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i]);
-		}
-		FREE_ARRAY(Literal, AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes, AS_TYPE(literal).capacity);
-		return;
-	}
-}
-
-bool _isTruthy(Literal x) {
-	if (IS_NULL(x)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "ERROR: Null is neither true nor false\n" RESET);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_BOOLEAN(x)) {
-		return AS_BOOLEAN(x);
-	}
-
-	return true;
-}
-
-Literal _toStringLiteral(char* str, int length) {
-	return ((Literal){LITERAL_STRING, { .string.ptr = (char*)str, .string.length = length }});
-}
-
-Literal _toIdentifierLiteral(char* str, int length) {
-	return ((Literal){LITERAL_IDENTIFIER,{ .identifier.ptr = (char*)str, .identifier.length = length, .identifier.hash = hashString(str, length) }});
-}
-
-Literal* _typePushSubtype(Literal* lit, Literal subtype) {
-	//grow the subtype array
-	if (AS_TYPE(*lit).count + 1 > AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity) {
-		int oldCapacity = AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity;
-
-		AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity = GROW_CAPACITY(oldCapacity);
-		AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes = GROW_ARRAY(Literal, AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes, oldCapacity, AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity);
-	}
-
-	//actually push
-	((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes))[ AS_TYPE(*lit).count++ ] = subtype;
-	return &((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes))[ AS_TYPE(*lit).count - 1 ];
-}
-
-Literal copyLiteral(Literal original) {
-	switch(original.type) {
-		case LITERAL_NULL:
-		case LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
-		case LITERAL_INTEGER:
-		case LITERAL_FLOAT:
-			//no copying needed
-			return original;
-
-		case LITERAL_STRING: {
-			return TO_STRING_LITERAL(copyString(AS_STRING(original), original.as.string.length), original.as.string.length);
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_ARRAY: {
-			LiteralArray* array = ALLOCATE(LiteralArray, 1);
-			initLiteralArray(array);
-
-			//copy each element
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_ARRAY(original)->count; i++) {
-				pushLiteralArray(array, AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i]);
-			}
-
-			return TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(array);
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_DICTIONARY: {
-			LiteralDictionary* dictionary = ALLOCATE(LiteralDictionary, 1);
-			initLiteralDictionary(dictionary);
-
-			//copy each entry
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_DICTIONARY(original)->capacity; i++) {
-				if ( !IS_NULL(AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[i].key) ) {
-					setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[i].key, AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[i].value);
-				}
-			}
-
-			return TO_DICTIONARY_LITERAL(dictionary);
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION: {
-			unsigned char* buffer = ALLOCATE(unsigned char, AS_FUNCTION(original).length);
-			memcpy(buffer, AS_FUNCTION(original).bytecode, AS_FUNCTION(original).length);
-
-			Literal literal = TO_FUNCTION_LITERAL(buffer, AS_FUNCTION(original).length);
-			AS_FUNCTION(literal).scope = copyScope(AS_FUNCTION(original).scope);
-
-			return literal;
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_IDENTIFIER: {
-			 return TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(copyString(AS_IDENTIFIER(original), original.as.identifier.length), original.as.identifier.length);
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_TYPE: {
-			Literal lit = TO_TYPE_LITERAL(AS_TYPE(original).typeOf, AS_TYPE(original).constant);
-
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_TYPE(original).count; i++) {
-				TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&lit, copyLiteral( ((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(original).subtypes))[i] ));
-			}
-
-			return lit;
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_OPAQUE: {
-			return original; //literally a shallow copy
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE: {
-			LiteralArray* array = ALLOCATE(LiteralArray, 1);
-			initLiteralArray(array);
-
-			//copy each element
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_ARRAY(original)->count; i++) {
-				Literal literal = copyLiteral(AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i]);
-				pushLiteralArray(array, literal);
-				freeLiteral(literal);
-			}
-
-			Literal ret = TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(array);
-			ret.type = LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE;
-			return ret;
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE: {
-			LiteralArray* array = ALLOCATE(LiteralArray, 1);
-			initLiteralArray(array);
-
-			//copy each element
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_ARRAY(original)->count; i++) {
-				Literal literal =  copyLiteral(AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i]);
-				pushLiteralArray(array, literal);
-				freeLiteral(literal);
-			}
-
-			Literal ret = TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(array);
-			ret.type = LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE;
-			return ret;
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE: //caries a compiler
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
-			//no copying possible
-			return original;
-
-		default:
-			fprintf(stderr, ERROR "ERROR: Can't copy that literal type: %d\n" RESET, original.type);
-			return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-}
-
-char* copyString(char* original, int length) {
-	//make a local copy of the char array
-	char* buffer = ALLOCATE(char, length + 1);
-	strncpy(buffer, original, length);
-	buffer[length] = '\0';
-	return buffer;
-}
-
-bool literalsAreEqual(Literal lhs, Literal rhs) {
-	//utility for other things
-	if (lhs.type != rhs.type) {
-		// ints and floats are compatible
-		if ((IS_INTEGER(lhs) || IS_FLOAT(lhs)) && (IS_INTEGER(rhs) || IS_FLOAT(rhs))) {
-			if (IS_INTEGER(lhs)) {
-				return AS_INTEGER(lhs) + AS_FLOAT(rhs);
-			}
-			else {
-				return AS_FLOAT(lhs) + AS_INTEGER(rhs);
-			}
-		}
-
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	switch(lhs.type) {
-		case LITERAL_NULL:
-			return true; //can only be true because of the check above
-
-		case LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
-			return AS_BOOLEAN(lhs) == AS_BOOLEAN(rhs);
-
-		case LITERAL_INTEGER:
-			return AS_INTEGER(lhs) == AS_INTEGER(rhs);
-
-		case LITERAL_FLOAT:
-			return AS_FLOAT(lhs) == AS_FLOAT(rhs);
-
-		case LITERAL_STRING:
-			if (lhs.as.string.length != rhs.as.string.length) {
-				return false;
-			}
-			return !strncmp(AS_STRING(lhs), AS_STRING(rhs), lhs.as.string.length);
-
-		case LITERAL_ARRAY:
-		case LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE: //BUGFIX
-		case LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE: //BUGFIX: used for storing types as an array
-			//mismatched sizes
-			if (AS_ARRAY(lhs)->count != AS_ARRAY(rhs)->count) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			//mismatched elements (in order)
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_ARRAY(lhs)->count; i++) {
-				if (!literalsAreEqual( AS_ARRAY(lhs)->literals[i], AS_ARRAY(rhs)->literals[i] )) {
-					return false;
-				}
-			}
-			return true;
-
-		case LITERAL_DICTIONARY:
-			//relatively slow, especially when nested
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->capacity; i++) {
-				if (!IS_NULL(AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].key)) { //only compare non-null keys
-					//check it exists in rhs
-					if (!existsLiteralDictionary(AS_DICTIONARY(rhs), AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].key)) {
-						return false;
-					}
-
-					//compare the values
-					Literal val = getLiteralDictionary(AS_DICTIONARY(rhs), AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].key); //TODO: could be more efficient
-					if (!literalsAreEqual(AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].value, val)) {
-						freeLiteral(val);
-						return false;
-					}
-					freeLiteral(val);
-				}
-			}
-
-			return true;
-
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION:
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
-			return false; //functions are never equal
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_IDENTIFIER:
-			//check shortcuts
-			if (HASH_I(lhs) != HASH_I(rhs) && lhs.as.identifier.length != rhs.as.identifier.length) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			return !strncmp(AS_IDENTIFIER(lhs), AS_IDENTIFIER(rhs), lhs.as.identifier.length);
-
-		case LITERAL_TYPE:
-			//check types
-			if (AS_TYPE(lhs).typeOf != AS_TYPE(rhs).typeOf) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			//const don't match
-			if (AS_TYPE(lhs).constant != AS_TYPE(rhs).constant) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			//check subtypes
-			if (AS_TYPE(lhs).count != AS_TYPE(rhs).count) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			//check array|dictionary signatures are the same (in order)
-			if (AS_TYPE(lhs).typeOf == LITERAL_ARRAY || AS_TYPE(lhs).typeOf == LITERAL_DICTIONARY) {
-				for (int i = 0; i < AS_TYPE(lhs).count; i++) {
-					if (!literalsAreEqual(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(lhs).subtypes))[i], ((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(rhs).subtypes))[i])) {
-						return false;
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			return true;
-
-		case LITERAL_OPAQUE:
-			return false; //IDK what this is!
-
-		case LITERAL_ANY:
-			return true;
-
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE:
-			fprintf(stderr, ERROR "[internal] Can't compare intermediate functions\n" RESET);
-			return false;
-
-		default:
-			//should never be seen
-			fprintf(stderr, ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in equality: %d\n" RESET, lhs.type);
-			return false;
-	}
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-int hashLiteral(Literal lit) {
-	switch(lit.type) {
-		case LITERAL_NULL:
-			return 0;
-
-		case LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
-			return AS_BOOLEAN(lit) ? 1 : 0;
-
-		case LITERAL_INTEGER:
-			return hash((unsigned int)AS_INTEGER(lit));
-
-		case LITERAL_FLOAT:
-			return hash(*(unsigned int*)(&AS_FLOAT(lit)));
-
-		case LITERAL_STRING:
-			return hashString(AS_STRING(lit), strlen(AS_STRING(lit)));
-
-		case LITERAL_ARRAY: {
-			unsigned int res = 0;
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_ARRAY(lit)->count; i++) {
-				res += hashLiteral(AS_ARRAY(lit)->literals[i]);
-			}
-			return hash(res);
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_DICTIONARY: {
-			unsigned int res = 0;
-			for (int i = 0; i < AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->capacity; i++) {
-				if (!IS_NULL(AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->entries[i].key)) { //only hash non-null keys
-					res += hashLiteral(AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->entries[i].key);
-					res += hashLiteral(AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->entries[i].value);
-				}
-			}
-			return hash(res);
-		}
-
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION:
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
-			return 0; //TODO: find a way to hash these properly
-
-		case LITERAL_IDENTIFIER:
-			return HASH_I(lit); //pre-computed
-
-		case LITERAL_TYPE:
-			return AS_TYPE(lit).typeOf; //nothing else I can do
-
-		case LITERAL_OPAQUE:
-		case LITERAL_ANY:
-			return -1;
-
-		default:
-			//should never bee seen
-			fprintf(stderr, ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in hash: %d\n" RESET, lit.type);
-			return 0;
-	}
-}
-
-//utils
-static void stdoutWrapper(const char* output) {
-	printf("%s", output);
-}
-
-//buffer the prints
-static char* globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
-static size_t globalPrintCapacity = 0;
-static size_t globalPrintCount = 0;
-
-//BUGFIX: string quotes shouldn't show when just printing strings, but should show when printing them as members of something else
-static char quotes = 0; //set to 0 to not show string quotes
-
-static void printToBuffer(const char* str) {
-	while (strlen(str) + globalPrintCount + 1 > globalPrintCapacity) {
-		int oldCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
-
-		globalPrintCapacity = GROW_CAPACITY(globalPrintCapacity);
-		globalPrintBuffer = GROW_ARRAY(char, globalPrintBuffer, oldCapacity, globalPrintCapacity);
-	}
-
-	snprintf(globalPrintBuffer + globalPrintCount, strlen(str) + 1, "%s", str);
-	globalPrintCount += strlen(str);
-}
-
-//exposed functions
-void printLiteral(Literal literal) {
-	printLiteralCustom(literal, stdoutWrapper);
-}
-
-void printLiteralCustom(Literal literal, void (printFn)(const char*)) {
-	switch(literal.type) {
-		case LITERAL_NULL:
-			printFn("null");
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
-			printFn(AS_BOOLEAN(literal) ? "true" : "false");
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_INTEGER: {
-			char buffer[256];
-			snprintf(buffer, 256, "%d", AS_INTEGER(literal));
-			printFn(buffer);
-		}
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_FLOAT: {
-			char buffer[256];
-			snprintf(buffer, 256, "%g", AS_FLOAT(literal));
-			printFn(buffer);
-		}
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_STRING: {
-			char buffer[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
-			if (!quotes) {
-				snprintf(buffer, MAX_STRING_LENGTH, "%.*s", (int)strlen(AS_STRING(literal)), AS_STRING(literal));
-			}
-			else {
-				snprintf(buffer, MAX_STRING_LENGTH, "%c%.*s%c", quotes, (int)strlen(AS_STRING(literal)), AS_STRING(literal), quotes);
-			}
-			printFn(buffer);
-		}
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_ARRAY: {
-			LiteralArray* ptr = AS_ARRAY(literal);
-
-			//hold potential parent-call buffers on the C stack
-			char* cacheBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
-			globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
-			int cacheCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
-			globalPrintCapacity = 0;
-			int cacheCount = globalPrintCount;
-			globalPrintCount = 0;
-
-			//print the contents to the global buffer
-			printToBuffer("[");
-			for (int i = 0; i < ptr->count; i++) {
-				quotes = '"';
-				printLiteralCustom(ptr->literals[i], printToBuffer);
-
-				if (i + 1 < ptr->count) {
-					printToBuffer(",");
-				}
-			}
-			printToBuffer("]");
-
-			//swap the parent-call buffer back into place
-			char* printBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
-			int printCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
-			int printCount = globalPrintCount;
-
-			globalPrintBuffer = cacheBuffer;
-			globalPrintCapacity = cacheCapacity;
-			globalPrintCount = cacheCount;
-
-			//finally, output and cleanup
-			printFn(printBuffer);
-			FREE_ARRAY(char, printBuffer, printCapacity);
-			quotes = 0;
-		}
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_DICTIONARY: {
-			LiteralDictionary* ptr = AS_DICTIONARY(literal);
-
-			//hold potential parent-call buffers on the C stack
-			char* cacheBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
-			globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
-			int cacheCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
-			globalPrintCapacity = 0;
-			int cacheCount = globalPrintCount;
-			globalPrintCount = 0;
-
-			//print the contents to the global buffer
-			int delimCount = 0;
-			printToBuffer("[");
-			for (int i = 0; i < ptr->capacity; i++) {
-				if (IS_NULL(ptr->entries[i].key)) {
-					continue;
-				}
-
-				if (delimCount++ > 0) {
-					printToBuffer(",");
-				}
-
-				quotes = '"';
-				printLiteralCustom(ptr->entries[i].key, printToBuffer);
-				printToBuffer(":");
-				quotes = '"';
-				printLiteralCustom(ptr->entries[i].value, printToBuffer);
-			}
-
-			//empty dicts MUST have a ":" printed
-			if (ptr->count == 0) {
-				printToBuffer(":");
-			}
-
-			printToBuffer("]");
-
-			//swap the parent-call buffer back into place
-			char* printBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
-			int printCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
-			int printCount = globalPrintCount;
-
-			globalPrintBuffer = cacheBuffer;
-			globalPrintCapacity = cacheCapacity;
-			globalPrintCount = cacheCount;
-
-			//finally, output and cleanup
-			printFn(printBuffer);
-			FREE_ARRAY(char, printBuffer, printCapacity);
-			quotes = 0;
-		}
-		break;
-
-		//TODO: functions
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION:
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
-			printFn("(function)");
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_IDENTIFIER: {
-			char buffer[256];
-			snprintf(buffer, 256, "%.*s", (int)strlen( AS_IDENTIFIER(literal) ), AS_IDENTIFIER(literal));
-			printFn(buffer);
-		}
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_TYPE: {
-			//hold potential parent-call buffers on the C stack
-			char* cacheBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
-			globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
-			int cacheCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
-			globalPrintCapacity = 0;
-			int cacheCount = globalPrintCount;
-			globalPrintCount = 0;
-
-			//print the type correctly
-			printToBuffer("<");
-
-			switch(AS_TYPE(literal).typeOf) {
-				case LITERAL_NULL:
-					printToBuffer("null");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
-					printToBuffer("bool");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_INTEGER:
-					printToBuffer("int");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_FLOAT:
-					printToBuffer("float");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_STRING:
-					printToBuffer("string");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_ARRAY:
-					//print all in the array
-					printToBuffer("[");
-					for (int i = 0; i < AS_TYPE(literal).count; i++) {
-						printLiteralCustom(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i], printToBuffer);
-					}
-					printToBuffer("]");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_DICTIONARY:
-					printToBuffer("[");
-
-					for (int i = 0; i < AS_TYPE(literal).count; i += 2) {
-						printLiteralCustom(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i], printToBuffer);
-						printToBuffer(":");
-						printLiteralCustom(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i + 1], printToBuffer);
-					}
-					printToBuffer("]");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_FUNCTION:
-					printToBuffer("function");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
-					printToBuffer("native");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_IDENTIFIER:
-					printToBuffer("identifier");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_TYPE:
-					printToBuffer("type");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_OPAQUE:
-					printToBuffer("opaque");
-				break;
-
-				case LITERAL_ANY:
-					printToBuffer("any");
-				break;
-
-				default:
-					//should never be seen
-					fprintf(stderr, ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in print type: %d\n" RESET, AS_TYPE(literal).typeOf);
-			}
-
-			//const (printed last)
-			if (AS_TYPE(literal).constant) {
-				printToBuffer(" const");
-			}
-
-			printToBuffer(">");
-
-			//swap the parent-call buffer back into place
-			char* printBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
-			int printCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
-			int printCount = globalPrintCount;
-
-			globalPrintBuffer = cacheBuffer;
-			globalPrintCapacity = cacheCapacity;
-			globalPrintCount = cacheCount;
-
-			//finally, output and cleanup
-			printFn(printBuffer);
-			FREE_ARRAY(char, printBuffer, printCapacity);
-			quotes = 0;
-		}
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE:
-		case LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE:
-			printFn("Unprintable literal found");
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_OPAQUE:
-			printFn("(opaque)");
-		break;
-
-		case LITERAL_ANY:
-			printFn("(any)");
-		break;
-
-		default:
-			//should never be seen
-			fprintf(stderr, ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in print: %d\n" RESET, literal.type);
-	}
-}

source/literal.h

@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include <string.h>
-
-typedef enum {
-	LITERAL_NULL,
-	LITERAL_BOOLEAN,
-	LITERAL_INTEGER,
-	LITERAL_FLOAT,
-	LITERAL_STRING,
-	LITERAL_ARRAY,
-	LITERAL_DICTIONARY,
-	LITERAL_FUNCTION,
-	LITERAL_IDENTIFIER,
-	LITERAL_TYPE,
-	LITERAL_OPAQUE,
-	LITERAL_ANY,
-
-	//these are meta-level types - not for general use
-	LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE, //used to process types in the compiler only
-	LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE, //used to process dictionaries in the compiler only
-	LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE, //used to process functions in the compiler only
-	LITERAL_FUNCTION_ARG_REST, //used to process function rest parameters only
-	LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE, //for handling native functions only
-} LiteralType;
-
-typedef struct {
-	LiteralType type;
-	union {
-		bool boolean;
-		int integer;
-		float number;
-		struct {
-			char* ptr;
-			int length;
-		} string;
-
-		void* array;
-		void* dictionary;
-
-		struct {
-			void* bytecode;
-			void* scope;
-			int length;
-		} function;
-
-		struct { //for variable names
-            char* ptr;
-            int length;
-			int hash;
-        } identifier;
-
-		struct {
-			LiteralType typeOf; //no longer a mask
-			bool constant;
-			void* subtypes; //for nested types caused by compounds
-			int capacity;
-			int count;
-		} type;
-
-		struct {
-			void* ptr;
-			int tag;
-		} opaque;
-	} as;
-} Literal;
-
-#define IS_NULL(value)						((value).type == LITERAL_NULL)
-#define IS_BOOLEAN(value)					((value).type == LITERAL_BOOLEAN)
-#define IS_INTEGER(value)					((value).type == LITERAL_INTEGER)
-#define IS_FLOAT(value)						((value).type == LITERAL_FLOAT)
-#define IS_STRING(value)					((value).type == LITERAL_STRING)
-#define IS_ARRAY(value)						((value).type == LITERAL_ARRAY)
-#define IS_DICTIONARY(value)				((value).type == LITERAL_DICTIONARY)
-#define IS_FUNCTION(value)					((value).type == LITERAL_FUNCTION)
-#define IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(value)			((value).type == LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE)
-#define IS_IDENTIFIER(value)				((value).type == LITERAL_IDENTIFIER)
-#define IS_TYPE(value)						((value).type == LITERAL_TYPE)
-#define IS_OPAQUE(value)					((value).type == LITERAL_OPAQUE)
-
-#define AS_BOOLEAN(value)					((value).as.boolean)
-#define AS_INTEGER(value)					((value).as.integer)
-#define AS_FLOAT(value)						((value).as.number)
-#define AS_STRING(value)					((value).as.string.ptr)
-#define AS_ARRAY(value)						((LiteralArray*)((value).as.array))
-#define AS_DICTIONARY(value)				((LiteralDictionary*)((value).as.dictionary))
-#define AS_FUNCTION(value)					((value).as.function)
-#define AS_IDENTIFIER(value)				((value).as.identifier.ptr)
-#define AS_TYPE(value)						((value).as.type)
-#define AS_OPAQUE(value)					((value).as.opaque.ptr)
-
-#define TO_NULL_LITERAL						((Literal){LITERAL_NULL,		{ .integer = 0 }})
-#define TO_BOOLEAN_LITERAL(value)			((Literal){LITERAL_BOOLEAN,		{ .boolean = value }})
-#define TO_INTEGER_LITERAL(value)			((Literal){LITERAL_INTEGER,		{ .integer = value }})
-#define TO_FLOAT_LITERAL(value)				((Literal){LITERAL_FLOAT,		{ .number = value }})
-#define TO_STRING_LITERAL(value, l)			_toStringLiteral(value, l)
-#define TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(value)				((Literal){LITERAL_ARRAY,		{ .array = value }})
-#define TO_DICTIONARY_LITERAL(value)		((Literal){LITERAL_DICTIONARY,	{ .dictionary = value }})
-#define TO_FUNCTION_LITERAL(value, l)		((Literal){LITERAL_FUNCTION,	{ .function.bytecode = value, .function.scope = NULL, .function.length = l }})
-#define TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(value, l)		_toIdentifierLiteral(value, l)
-#define TO_TYPE_LITERAL(value, c)			((Literal){ LITERAL_TYPE,		{ .type.typeOf = value, .type.constant = c, .type.subtypes = NULL, .type.capacity = 0, .type.count = 0 }})
-#define TO_OPAQUE_LITERAL(value, t)			((Literal){ LITERAL_OPAQUE,		{ .opaque.ptr = value, .opaque.tag = t }})
-
-TOY_API void freeLiteral(Literal literal);
-
-#define IS_TRUTHY(x) _isTruthy(x)
-
-#define MAX_STRING_LENGTH					4096
-#define HASH_I(lit)							((lit).as.identifier.hash)
-#define TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(lit, subtype)		_typePushSubtype(lit, subtype)
-#define OPAQUE_TAG(o)						o.as.opaque.tag
-
-//BUGFIX: macros are not functions
-TOY_API bool _isTruthy(Literal x);
-TOY_API Literal _toStringLiteral(char* str, int length);
-TOY_API Literal _toIdentifierLiteral(char* str, int length);
-TOY_API Literal* _typePushSubtype(Literal* lit, Literal subtype);
-
-//utils
-TOY_API Literal copyLiteral(Literal original);
-TOY_API char* copyString(char* original, int length);
-TOY_API bool literalsAreEqual(Literal lhs, Literal rhs);
-TOY_API int hashLiteral(Literal lit);
-
-TOY_API void printLiteral(Literal literal);
-TOY_API void printLiteralCustom(Literal literal, void (printFn)(const char*));

source/literal_array.c

@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-#include "literal_array.h"
-
-#include "memory.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-//exposed functions
-void initLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array) {
-	array->capacity = 0;
-	array->count = 0;
-	array->literals = NULL;
-}
-
-void freeLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array) {
-	//clean up memory
-	for(int i = 0; i < array->count; i++) {
-		freeLiteral(array->literals[i]);
-	}
-
-	FREE_ARRAY(Literal, array->literals, array->capacity);
-	initLiteralArray(array);
-}
-
-int pushLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array, Literal literal) {
-	if (array->capacity < array->count + 1) {
-		int oldCapacity = array->capacity;
-
-		array->capacity = GROW_CAPACITY(oldCapacity);
-		array->literals = GROW_ARRAY(Literal, array->literals, oldCapacity, array->capacity);
-	}
-
-	array->literals[array->count] = copyLiteral(literal);
-	return array->count++;
-}
-
-Literal popLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array) {
-	if (array->count <= 0) {
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	//get the return
-	Literal ret = array->literals[array->count-1];
-
-	//null the existing data
-	array->literals[array->count-1] = TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-
-	array->count--;
-	return ret;
-}
-
-//find a literal in the array that matches the "literal" argument
-int findLiteralIndex(LiteralArray* array, Literal literal) {
-	for (int i = 0; i < array->count; i++) {
-		//not the same type
-		if (array->literals[i].type != literal.type) {
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		//types match?
-		if (literalsAreEqual(array->literals[i], literal)) {
-			return i;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return -1;
-}
-
-bool setLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array, Literal index, Literal value) {
-	if (!IS_INTEGER(index)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	int idx = AS_INTEGER(index);
-
-	if (idx < 0 || idx >= array->count) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//TODO: implicit push when referencing one-past-the-end?
-
-	freeLiteral(array->literals[idx]);
-	array->literals[idx] = copyLiteral(value);
-
-	return true;
-}
-
-Literal getLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array, Literal index) {
-	if (!IS_INTEGER(index)) {
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	int idx = AS_INTEGER(index);
-
-	if (idx < 0 || idx >= array->count) {
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	return copyLiteral(array->literals[idx]);
-}

source/literal_array.h

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include "literal.h"
-
-typedef struct LiteralArray {
-	Literal* literals;
-	int capacity;
-	int count;
-} LiteralArray;
-
-TOY_API void initLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array);
-TOY_API void freeLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array);
-TOY_API int pushLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array, Literal literal);
-TOY_API Literal popLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array);
-TOY_API bool setLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array, Literal index, Literal value);
-TOY_API Literal getLiteralArray(LiteralArray* array, Literal index);
-
-int findLiteralIndex(LiteralArray* array, Literal literal);

source/literal_dictionary.c

@@ -1,219 +0,0 @@
-#include "literal_dictionary.h"
-
-#include "memory.h"
-
-#include "console_colors.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-//util functions
-static void setEntryValues(_entry* entry, Literal key, Literal value) {
-	//much simpler now
-	freeLiteral(entry->key);
-	entry->key = copyLiteral(key);
-
-	freeLiteral(entry->value);
-	entry->value = copyLiteral(value);
-}
-
-static _entry* getEntryArray(_entry* array, int capacity, Literal key, unsigned int hash, bool mustExist) {
-	//find "key", starting at index
-	unsigned int index = hash % capacity;
-	unsigned int start = index;
-
-	//increment once, so it can't equal start
-	index = (index + 1) % capacity;
-
-	//literal probing and collision checking
-	while (index != start) { //WARNING: this is the only function allowed to retrieve an entry from the array
-		_entry* entry = &array[index];
-
-		if (IS_NULL(entry->key)) { //if key is empty, it's either empty or tombstone
-			if (IS_NULL(entry->value) && !mustExist) {
-				//found a truly empty bucket
-				return entry;
-			}
-			//else it's a tombstone - ignore
-		} else {
-			if (literalsAreEqual(key, entry->key)) {
-				return entry;
-			}
-		}
-
-		index = (index + 1) % capacity;
-	}
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static void adjustEntryCapacity(_entry** dictionaryHandle, int oldCapacity, int capacity) {
-	//new entry space
-	_entry* newEntries = ALLOCATE(_entry, capacity);
-
-	for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
-		newEntries[i].key = TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-		newEntries[i].value = TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	//move the old array into the new one
-	for (int i = 0; i < oldCapacity; i++) {
-		if (IS_NULL((*dictionaryHandle)[i].key)) {
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		//place the key and value in the new array (reusing string memory)
-		_entry* entry = getEntryArray(newEntries, capacity, TO_NULL_LITERAL, hashLiteral((*dictionaryHandle)[i].key), false);
-
-		entry->key = (*dictionaryHandle)[i].key;
-		entry->value = (*dictionaryHandle)[i].value;
-	}
-
-	//clear the old array
-	FREE_ARRAY(_entry, *dictionaryHandle, oldCapacity);
-
-	*dictionaryHandle = newEntries;
-}
-
-static bool setEntryArray(_entry** dictionaryHandle, int* capacityPtr, int contains, Literal key, Literal value, int hash) {
-	//expand array if needed
-	if (contains + 1 > *capacityPtr * DICTIONARY_MAX_LOAD) {
-		int oldCapacity = *capacityPtr;
-		*capacityPtr = GROW_CAPACITY(*capacityPtr);
-		adjustEntryCapacity(dictionaryHandle, oldCapacity, *capacityPtr); //custom rather than automatic reallocation
-	}
-
-	_entry* entry = getEntryArray(*dictionaryHandle, *capacityPtr, key, hash, false);
-
-	//true = contains increase
-	if (IS_NULL(entry->key)) {
-		setEntryValues(entry, key, value);
-		return true;
-	}
-	else {
-		setEntryValues(entry, key, value);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	return false;
-}
-
-static void freeEntry(_entry* entry) {
-	freeLiteral(entry->key);
-	freeLiteral(entry->value);
-	entry->key = TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	entry->value = TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-}
-
-static void freeEntryArray(_entry* array, int capacity) {
-	if (array == NULL) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
-		if (!IS_NULL(array[i].key)) {
-			freeEntry(&array[i]);
-		}
-	}
-
-	FREE_ARRAY(_entry, array, capacity);
-}
-
-//exposed functions
-void initLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary) {
-	//HACK: because modulo by 0 is undefined, set the capacity to a non-zero value (and allocate the arrays)
-	dictionary->entries = NULL;
-	dictionary->capacity = GROW_CAPACITY(0);
-	dictionary->contains = 0;
-	dictionary->count = 0;
-	adjustEntryCapacity(&dictionary->entries, 0, dictionary->capacity);
-}
-
-void freeLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary) {
-	freeEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity);
-	dictionary->capacity = 0;
-	dictionary->contains = 0;
-}
-
-void setLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key, Literal value) {
-	if (IS_NULL(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have null keys (set)\n" RESET);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	//BUGFIX: Can't hash a function
-	if (IS_FUNCTION(key) || IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have function keys (set)\n" RESET);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_OPAQUE(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have opaque keys (set)\n" RESET);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const int increment = setEntryArray(&dictionary->entries, &dictionary->capacity, dictionary->contains, key, value, hashLiteral(key));
-
-	if (increment) {
-		dictionary->contains++;
-		dictionary->count++;
-	}
-}
-
-Literal getLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key) {
-	if (IS_NULL(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have null keys (get)\n" RESET);
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	//BUGFIX: Can't hash a function
-	if (IS_FUNCTION(key) || IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have function keys (get)\n" RESET);
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_OPAQUE(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have opaque keys (get)\n" RESET);
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	_entry* entry = getEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity, key, hashLiteral(key), true);
-
-	if (entry != NULL) {
-		return copyLiteral(entry->value);
-	}
-	else {
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-}
-
-void removeLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key) {
-	if (IS_NULL(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have null keys (remove)\n" RESET);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	//BUGFIX: Can't hash a function
-	if (IS_FUNCTION(key) || IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have function keys (remove)\n" RESET);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_OPAQUE(key)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "Dictionaries can't have opaque keys (remove)\n" RESET);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	_entry* entry = getEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity, key, hashLiteral(key), true);
-
-	if (entry != NULL) {
-		freeEntry(entry);
-		entry->value = TO_BOOLEAN_LITERAL(true); //tombstone
-		dictionary->count--;
-	}
-}
-
-bool existsLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key) {
-	//null & not tombstoned
-	_entry* entry = getEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity, key, hashLiteral(key), false);
-	return !(IS_NULL(entry->key) && IS_NULL(entry->value));
-}

source/literal_dictionary.h

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#include "literal.h"
-
-//TODO: benchmark this
-#define DICTIONARY_MAX_LOAD 0.75
-
-typedef struct _entry {
-	Literal key;
-	Literal value;
-} _entry;
-
-typedef struct LiteralDictionary {
-	_entry* entries;
-	int capacity;
-	int count;
-	int contains; //count + tombstones, for internal use
-} LiteralDictionary;
-
-TOY_API void initLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary);
-TOY_API void freeLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary);
-
-TOY_API void setLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key, Literal value);
-TOY_API Literal getLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key);
-TOY_API void removeLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key);
-
-TOY_API bool existsLiteralDictionary(LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Literal key);

source/makefile

@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@ library: $(OBJ)
 static: $(OBJ)
 	ar crs ../$(TOY_OUTDIR)/lib$(OUTNAME).a $(OBJ)
 
+library-release: $(OBJ) library
+	strip $(OUT)
+
+static-release: $(OBJ) static
+	strip -d ../$(TOY_OUTDIR)/lib$(OUTNAME).a
+
 $(OBJ): | $(ODIR)
 
 $(ODIR):

source/memory.c

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#include "memory.h"
-
-#include "console_colors.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-void* reallocate(void* pointer, size_t oldSize, size_t newSize) {
-	if (newSize == 0 && oldSize == 0) {
-		//causes issues, so just skip out with a NO-OP
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	if (newSize == 0) {
-		free(pointer);
-
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	void* mem = realloc(pointer, newSize);
-
-	if (mem == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, ERROR "[internal]Memory allocation error (requested %d for %ld, replacing %d)\n" ERROR, (int)newSize, (long int)pointer, (int)oldSize);
-		exit(-1);
-	}
-
-	return mem;
-}
-

source/memory.h

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-
-#define ALLOCATE(type, count) ((type*)reallocate(NULL, 0, sizeof(type) * (count)))
-#define FREE(type, pointer) reallocate(pointer, sizeof(type), 0)
-#define GROW_CAPACITY(capacity) ((capacity) < 8 ? 8 : (capacity) * 2)
-#define GROW_CAPACITY_FAST(capacity) ((capacity) < 32 ? 32 : (capacity) * 2)
-#define GROW_ARRAY(type, pointer, oldCount, count) (type*)reallocate((type*)pointer, sizeof(type) * (oldCount), sizeof(type) * (count))
-#define SHRINK_ARRAY(type, pointer, oldCount, count) (type*)reallocate((type*)pointer, sizeof(type) * (oldCount), sizeof(type) * (count))
-#define FREE_ARRAY(type, pointer, oldCount) reallocate((type*)pointer, sizeof(type) * (oldCount), 0)
-
-void* reallocate(void* pointer, size_t oldSize, size_t newSize);
-

source/opcodes.h

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-typedef enum Opcode {
-	OP_EOF,
-
-	//basic statements
-	OP_ASSERT,
-	OP_PRINT,
-
-	//data
-	OP_LITERAL,
-	OP_LITERAL_LONG, //for more than 256 literals in a chunk
-	OP_LITERAL_RAW, //forcibly get the raw value of the literal
-
-	//arithmetic operators
-	OP_NEGATE,
-	OP_ADDITION,
-	OP_SUBTRACTION,
-	OP_MULTIPLICATION,
-	OP_DIVISION,
-	OP_MODULO,
-	OP_GROUPING_BEGIN,
-	OP_GROUPING_END,
-
-	//variable stuff
-	OP_SCOPE_BEGIN,
-	OP_SCOPE_END,
-
-	OP_TYPE_DECL,		//declare a type to be used (as a literal)
-	OP_TYPE_DECL_LONG,	//declare a type to be used (as a long literal)
-
-	OP_VAR_DECL,		//declare a variable to be used (as a literal)
-	OP_VAR_DECL_LONG,	//declare a variable to be used (as a long literal)
-
-	OP_FN_DECL,			//declare a function to be used (as a literal)
-	OP_FN_DECL_LONG,	//declare a function to be used (as a long literal)
-
-	OP_VAR_ASSIGN,		//assign to a literal
-	OP_VAR_ADDITION_ASSIGN,
-	OP_VAR_SUBTRACTION_ASSIGN,
-	OP_VAR_MULTIPLICATION_ASSIGN,
-	OP_VAR_DIVISION_ASSIGN,
-	OP_VAR_MODULO_ASSIGN,
-
-	OP_TYPE_CAST,		//temporarily change a type of an atomic value
-	OP_TYPE_OF,			//get the type of a variable
-
-	OP_IMPORT,
-	OP_EXPORT,
-
-	//for indexing
-	OP_INDEX,
-	OP_INDEX_ASSIGN,
-	OP_INDEX_ASSIGN_INTERMEDIATE,
-	OP_DOT,
-
-	//comparison of values
-	OP_COMPARE_EQUAL,
-	OP_COMPARE_NOT_EQUAL,
-	OP_COMPARE_LESS,
-	OP_COMPARE_LESS_EQUAL,
-	OP_COMPARE_GREATER,
-	OP_COMPARE_GREATER_EQUAL,
-	OP_INVERT, //for booleans
-
-	//logical operators
-	OP_AND,
-	OP_OR,
-
-	//jumps, and conditional jumps (absolute)
-	OP_JUMP,
-	OP_IF_FALSE_JUMP,
-	OP_FN_CALL,
-	OP_FN_RETURN,
-
-	//pop the stack at the end of a complex statement
-	OP_POP_STACK,
-
-	//meta
-	OP_FN_END, //different from SECTION_END
-	OP_SECTION_END = 255,
-	//TODO: add more
-} Opcode;
-

source/parser.h

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "common.h"
-#include "lexer.h"
-#include "ast_node.h"
-
-//DOCS: parsers are bound to a lexer, and turn the outputted tokens into AST nodes
-typedef struct {
-	Lexer* lexer;
-	bool error; //I've had an error
-	bool panic; //I am processing an error
-
-	//track the last two outputs from the lexer
-	Token current;
-	Token previous;
-} Parser;
-
-TOY_API void initParser(Parser* parser, Lexer* lexer);
-TOY_API void freeParser(Parser* parser);
-TOY_API ASTNode* scanParser(Parser* parser);

source/scope.c

@@ -1,303 +0,0 @@
-#include "scope.h"
-
-#include "memory.h"
-
-//run up the ancestor chain, freeing anything with 0 references left
-static void freeAncestorChain(Scope* scope) {
-	scope->references--;
-
-	//free scope chain
-	if (scope->ancestor != NULL) {
-		freeAncestorChain(scope->ancestor);
-	}
-
-	if (scope->references > 0) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	freeLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables);
-	freeLiteralDictionary(&scope->types);
-
-	FREE(Scope, scope);
-}
-
-//return false if invalid type
-static bool checkType(Literal typeLiteral, Literal original, Literal value, bool constCheck) {
-	//for constants, fail if original != value
-	if (constCheck && AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).constant && !literalsAreEqual(original, value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//for any types
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_ANY) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	//don't allow null types
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_NULL) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//always allow null values
-	if (IS_NULL(value)) {
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	//for each type, if a mismatch is found, return false
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_BOOLEAN && !IS_BOOLEAN(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_INTEGER && !IS_INTEGER(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_FLOAT && !IS_FLOAT(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_STRING && !IS_STRING(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_ARRAY && !IS_ARRAY(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_ARRAY(value)) {
-		//check value's type
-		if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf != LITERAL_ARRAY) {
-			return false;
-		}
-
-		//if null, assume it's a new entry
-		if (IS_NULL(original)) {
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		//check children
-		for (int i = 0; i < AS_ARRAY(value)->count; i++) {
-			if (AS_ARRAY(original)->count <= i) {
-				return true; //assume new entry pushed
-			}
-
-			if (!checkType(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).subtypes))[0], AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i], AS_ARRAY(value)->literals[i], constCheck)) {
-				return false;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_DICTIONARY && !IS_DICTIONARY(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_DICTIONARY(value)) {
-		//check value's type
-		if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf != LITERAL_DICTIONARY) {
-			return false;
-		}
-
-		//if null, assume it's a new entry to a parent
-		if (IS_NULL(original)) {
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		//check each child of value against the child of original
-		for (int i = 0; i < AS_DICTIONARY(value)->capacity; i++) {
-			if (IS_NULL(AS_DICTIONARY(value)->entries[i].key)) { //only non-tombstones
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			//find the internal child of original that matches this child of value
-			_entry* ptr = NULL;
-
-			for (int j = 0; j < AS_DICTIONARY(original)->capacity; j++) {
-				if (literalsAreEqual(AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[j].key, AS_DICTIONARY(value)->entries[i].key)) {
-					ptr = &AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[j];
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-
-			//if not found, assume it's a new entry
-			if (!ptr) {
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			//check the type of key and value
-			if (!checkType(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).subtypes))[0], ptr->key, AS_DICTIONARY(value)->entries[i].key, constCheck)) {
-				return false;
-			}
-
-			if (!checkType(((Literal*)(AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).subtypes))[1], ptr->value, AS_DICTIONARY(value)->entries[i].value, constCheck)) {
-				return false;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_FUNCTION && !IS_FUNCTION(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	if (AS_TYPE(typeLiteral).typeOf == LITERAL_TYPE && !IS_TYPE(value)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	return true;
-}
-
-//exposed functions
-Scope* pushScope(Scope* ancestor) {
-	Scope* scope = ALLOCATE(Scope, 1);
-	scope->ancestor = ancestor;
-	initLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables);
-	initLiteralDictionary(&scope->types);
-
-	//tick up all scope reference counts
-	scope->references = 0;
-	for (Scope* ptr = scope; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->ancestor) {
-		ptr->references++;
-	}
-
-	return scope;
-}
-
-Scope* popScope(Scope* scope) {
-	if (scope == NULL) { //CAN pop a null
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	Scope* ret = scope->ancestor;
-
-	//BUGFIX: when freeing a scope, free the function's scopes manually
-	for (int i = 0; i < scope->variables.capacity; i++) {
-		//handle keys, just in case
-		if (IS_FUNCTION(scope->variables.entries[i].key)) {
-			popScope(AS_FUNCTION(scope->variables.entries[i].key).scope);
-			AS_FUNCTION(scope->variables.entries[i].key).scope = NULL;
-		}
-
-		if (IS_FUNCTION(scope->variables.entries[i].value)) {
-			popScope(AS_FUNCTION(scope->variables.entries[i].value).scope);
-			AS_FUNCTION(scope->variables.entries[i].value).scope = NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	freeAncestorChain(scope);
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
-Scope* copyScope(Scope* original) {
-	Scope* scope = ALLOCATE(Scope, 1);
-	scope->ancestor = original->ancestor;
-	initLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables);
-	initLiteralDictionary(&scope->types);
-
-	//tick up all scope reference counts
-	scope->references = 0;
-	for (Scope* ptr = scope; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->ancestor) {
-		ptr->references++;
-	}
-
-	//copy the contents of the dictionaries
-	for (int i = 0; i < original->variables.capacity; i++) {
-		if (!IS_NULL(original->variables.entries[i].key)) {
-			setLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, original->variables.entries[i].key, original->variables.entries[i].value);
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (int i = 0; i < original->types.capacity; i++) {
-		if (!IS_NULL(original->types.entries[i].key)) {
-			setLiteralDictionary(&scope->types, original->types.entries[i].key, original->types.entries[i].value);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return scope;
-}
-
-//returns false if error
-bool declareScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key, Literal type) {
-	//don't redefine a variable within this scope
-	if (existsLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key)) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//store the type, for later checking on assignment
-	setLiteralDictionary(&scope->types, key, type);
-
-	setLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key, TO_NULL_LITERAL);
-	return true;
-}
-
-bool isDelcaredScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key) {
-	if (scope == NULL) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//if it's not in this scope, keep searching up the chain
-	if (!existsLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key)) {
-		return isDelcaredScopeVariable(scope->ancestor, key);
-	}
-
-	return true;
-}
-
-//return false if undefined, or can't be assigned
-bool setScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key, Literal value, bool constCheck) {
-	//dead end
-	if (scope == NULL) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//if it's not in this scope, keep searching up the chain
-	if (!existsLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key)) {
-		return setScopeVariable(scope->ancestor, key, value, constCheck);
-	}
-
-	//type checking
-	Literal typeLiteral = getLiteralDictionary(&scope->types, key);
-	Literal original = getLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key);
-
-	if (!checkType(typeLiteral, original, value, constCheck)) {
-		freeLiteral(typeLiteral);
-		freeLiteral(original);
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//actually assign
-	setLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key, value);
-
-	freeLiteral(typeLiteral);
-	freeLiteral(original);
-
-	return true;
-}
-
-bool getScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key, Literal* valueHandle) {
-	//dead end
-	if (scope == NULL) {
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	//if it's not in this scope, keep searching up the chain
-	if (!existsLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key)) {
-		return getScopeVariable(scope->ancestor, key, valueHandle);
-	}
-
-	*valueHandle = getLiteralDictionary(&scope->variables, key);
-	return true;
-}
-
-Literal getScopeType(Scope* scope, Literal key) {
-	//dead end
-	if (scope == NULL) {
-		return TO_NULL_LITERAL;
-	}
-
-	//if it's not in this scope, keep searching up the chain
-	if (!existsLiteralDictionary(&scope->types, key)) {
-		return getScopeType(scope->ancestor, key);
-	}
-
-	return getLiteralDictionary(&scope->types, key);
-}

source/scope.h

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "literal_array.h"
-#include "literal_dictionary.h"
-
-typedef struct Scope {
-	LiteralDictionary variables; //only allow identifiers as the keys
-	LiteralDictionary types; //the types, indexed by identifiers
-	struct Scope* ancestor;
-	int references; //how many scopes point here
-} Scope;
-
-Scope* pushScope(Scope* scope);
-Scope* popScope(Scope* scope);
-Scope* copyScope(Scope* original);
-
-//returns false if error
-bool declareScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key, Literal type);
-bool isDelcaredScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key);
-
-//return false if undefined
-bool setScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key, Literal value, bool constCheck);
-bool getScopeVariable(Scope* scope, Literal key, Literal* value);
-
-Literal getScopeType(Scope* scope, Literal key);

source/token_types.h

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-typedef enum TokenType {
-	//types
-	TOKEN_NULL,
-	TOKEN_BOOLEAN,
-	TOKEN_INTEGER,
-	TOKEN_FLOAT,
-	TOKEN_STRING,
-	TOKEN_ARRAY,
-	TOKEN_DICTIONARY,
-	TOKEN_FUNCTION,
-	TOKEN_OPAQUE,
-	TOKEN_ANY,
-
-	//keywords and reserved words
-	TOKEN_AS,
-	TOKEN_ASSERT,
-	TOKEN_BREAK,
-	TOKEN_CLASS,
-	TOKEN_CONST,
-	TOKEN_CONTINUE,
-	TOKEN_DO,
-	TOKEN_ELSE,
-	TOKEN_EXPORT,
-	TOKEN_FOR,
-	TOKEN_FOREACH,
-	TOKEN_IF,
-	TOKEN_IMPORT,
-	TOKEN_IN,
-	TOKEN_OF,
-	TOKEN_PRINT,
-	TOKEN_RETURN,
-	TOKEN_TYPE,
-	TOKEN_ASTYPE,
-	TOKEN_TYPEOF,
-	TOKEN_VAR,
-	TOKEN_WHILE,
-
-	//literal values
-	TOKEN_IDENTIFIER,
-	TOKEN_LITERAL_TRUE,
-	TOKEN_LITERAL_FALSE,
-	TOKEN_LITERAL_INTEGER,
-	TOKEN_LITERAL_FLOAT,
-	TOKEN_LITERAL_STRING,
-
-	//math operators
-	TOKEN_PLUS,
-	TOKEN_MINUS,
-	TOKEN_MULTIPLY,
-	TOKEN_DIVIDE,
-	TOKEN_MODULO,
-	TOKEN_PLUS_ASSIGN,
-	TOKEN_MINUS_ASSIGN,
-	TOKEN_MULTIPLY_ASSIGN,
-	TOKEN_DIVIDE_ASSIGN,
-	TOKEN_MODULO_ASSIGN,
-	TOKEN_PLUS_PLUS,
-	TOKEN_MINUS_MINUS,
-	TOKEN_ASSIGN,
-
-	//logical operators
-	TOKEN_PAREN_LEFT,
-	TOKEN_PAREN_RIGHT,
-	TOKEN_BRACKET_LEFT,
-	TOKEN_BRACKET_RIGHT,
-	TOKEN_BRACE_LEFT,
-	TOKEN_BRACE_RIGHT,
-	TOKEN_NOT,
-	TOKEN_NOT_EQUAL,
-	TOKEN_EQUAL,
-	TOKEN_LESS,
-	TOKEN_GREATER,
-	TOKEN_LESS_EQUAL,
-	TOKEN_GREATER_EQUAL,
-	TOKEN_AND,
-	TOKEN_OR,
-
-	//other operators
-	TOKEN_COLON,
-	TOKEN_SEMICOLON,
-	TOKEN_COMMA,
-	TOKEN_DOT,
-	TOKEN_PIPE,
-	TOKEN_REST,
-
-	//meta tokens
-	TOKEN_PASS,
-	TOKEN_ERROR,
-	TOKEN_EOF,
-} TokenType;

source/toy.h

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#pragma once
+
+/* toy.h - A Toy Programming Language
+
+If you're looking how to use Toy directly, try https://toylang.com/
+Otherwise, these headers may help learn how Toy works internally.
+
+*/
+
+/* utilities - these define a bunch of useful macros based on platform.
+
+The most important one is `TOY_API`, which highlights functions intended for the end user.
+
+*/
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+#include "toy_console_colors.h"
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+#include "toy_drive_system.h"
+
+/* core pipeline - from source to execution
+
+Each step is as follows:
+
+source   -> lexer       -> token
+token    -> parser      -> AST
+AST      -> compiler    -> bytecode
+bytecode -> interpreter -> result
+
+I should note that the parser -> compiler phase is actually made up of two steps - the write step
+and the collate step. See `Toy_compileString()` in `repl/repl_tools.c` for an example of how to compile
+properly.
+
+*/
+
+#include "toy_lexer.h"
+#include "toy_parser.h"
+#include "toy_compiler.h"
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
+
+/* building block structures - the basic units of operation
+
+Literals represent any value within the language, including some internal ones that you never see.
+Literal Arrays are literally arrays within memory, and are the most heavily used structure in Toy.
+Literal Dictionaries are unordered key-value hashmaps, that use a running strategy for collisions.
+
+*/
+
+#include "toy_literal.h"
+#include "toy_literal_array.h"
+#include "toy_literal_dictionary.h"
+
+/* other components - you probably won't use these directly, but they're a good learning opportunity.
+
+`Toy_Scope` holds the variables of a specific scope within Toy - be it a script, a function, a block, etc.
+Scopes are also where the type system lives at runtime. They use identifier literals as keys, exclusively.
+
+`Toy_RefString` is a utility class that wraps traditional C strings, making them less memory intensive and
+faster to copy and move. In reality, since strings are considered immutable, multiple variables can point
+to the same string to save memory, and you can just create a new one of these vars pointing to the original
+rather than copying entirely for a speed boost. This module has it's own memory allocator system that is
+plugged into the main memory allocator.
+
+*/
+
+#include "toy_scope.h"
+#include "toy_refstring.h"
+

source/toy_ast_node.c

@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+#include "toy_ast_node.h"
+
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+static void freeASTNodeCustom(Toy_ASTNode* node, bool freeSelf) {
+	//don't free a NULL node
+	if (node == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	switch(node->type) {
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_ERROR:
+			//NO-OP
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_LITERAL:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->atomic.literal);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_UNARY:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->unary.child);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_BINARY:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->binary.left);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->binary.right);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_TERNARY:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->ternary.condition);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->ternary.thenPath);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->ternary.elsePath);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_GROUPING:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->grouping.child);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_BLOCK:
+			if (node->block.capacity > 0) {
+				for (int i = 0; i < node->block.count; i++) {
+					freeASTNodeCustom(node->block.nodes + i, false);
+				}
+				TOY_FREE_ARRAY(Toy_ASTNode, node->block.nodes, node->block.capacity);
+			}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_COMPOUND:
+			if (node->compound.capacity > 0) {
+				for (int i = 0; i < node->compound.count; i++) {
+					freeASTNodeCustom(node->compound.nodes + i, false);
+				}
+				TOY_FREE_ARRAY(Toy_ASTNode, node->compound.nodes, node->compound.capacity);
+			}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_PAIR:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pair.left);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pair.right);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_INDEX:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->index.first);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->index.second);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->index.third);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_VAR_DECL:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->varDecl.identifier);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->varDecl.typeLiteral);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->varDecl.expression);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_FN_COLLECTION:
+			if (node->fnCollection.capacity > 0) {
+				for (int i = 0; i < node->fnCollection.count; i++) {
+					freeASTNodeCustom(node->fnCollection.nodes + i, false);
+				}
+				TOY_FREE_ARRAY(Toy_ASTNode, node->fnCollection.nodes, node->fnCollection.capacity);
+			}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_FN_DECL:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->fnDecl.identifier);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->fnDecl.arguments);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->fnDecl.returns);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->fnDecl.block);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_FN_CALL:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->fnCall.arguments);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_FN_RETURN:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->returns.returns);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_IF:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathIf.condition);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathIf.thenPath);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathIf.elsePath);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_WHILE:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathWhile.condition);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathWhile.thenPath);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_FOR:
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathFor.preClause);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathFor.postClause);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathFor.condition);
+			Toy_freeASTNode(node->pathFor.thenPath);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_BREAK:
+			//NO-OP
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_CONTINUE:
+			//NO-OP
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_PREFIX_INCREMENT:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->prefixIncrement.identifier);
+		break;
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_PREFIX_DECREMENT:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->prefixDecrement.identifier);
+		break;
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_POSTFIX_INCREMENT:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->postfixIncrement.identifier);
+		break;
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_POSTFIX_DECREMENT:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->postfixDecrement.identifier);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_IMPORT:
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->import.identifier);
+			Toy_freeLiteral(node->import.alias);
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_AST_NODE_PASS:
+			//EMPTY
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (freeSelf) {
+		TOY_FREE(Toy_ASTNode, node);
+	}
+}
+
+void Toy_freeASTNode(Toy_ASTNode* node) {
+	freeASTNodeCustom(node, true);
+}
+
+//various emitters
+void Toy_emitASTNodeLiteral(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal literal) {
+	//allocate a new node
+	*nodeHandle = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	(*nodeHandle)->type = TOY_AST_NODE_LITERAL;
+	(*nodeHandle)->atomic.literal = Toy_copyLiteral(literal);
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeUnary(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Opcode opcode, Toy_ASTNode* child) {
+	//allocate a new node
+	*nodeHandle = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	(*nodeHandle)->type = TOY_AST_NODE_UNARY;
+	(*nodeHandle)->unary.opcode = opcode;
+	(*nodeHandle)->unary.child = child;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeBinary(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* rhs, Toy_Opcode opcode) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_BINARY;
+	tmp->binary.opcode = opcode;
+	tmp->binary.left = *nodeHandle;
+	tmp->binary.right = rhs;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeTernary(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath, Toy_ASTNode* elsePath) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_TERNARY;
+	tmp->ternary.condition = condition;
+	tmp->ternary.thenPath = thenPath;
+	tmp->ternary.elsePath = elsePath;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeGrouping(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_GROUPING;
+	tmp->grouping.child = *nodeHandle;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeBlock(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_BLOCK;
+	tmp->block.nodes = NULL; //NOTE: appended by the parser
+	tmp->block.capacity = 0;
+	tmp->block.count = 0;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeCompound(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_LiteralType literalType) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_COMPOUND;
+	tmp->compound.literalType = literalType;
+	tmp->compound.nodes = NULL;
+	tmp->compound.capacity = 0;
+	tmp->compound.count = 0;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_setASTNodePair(Toy_ASTNode* node, Toy_ASTNode* left, Toy_ASTNode* right) {
+	//set - assume the node has already been allocated
+	node->type = TOY_AST_NODE_PAIR;
+	node->pair.left = left;
+	node->pair.right = right;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeIndex(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* first, Toy_ASTNode* second, Toy_ASTNode* third) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_INDEX;
+	tmp->index.first = first;
+	tmp->index.second = second;
+	tmp->index.third = third;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeVarDecl(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal typeLiteral, Toy_ASTNode* expression) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_VAR_DECL;
+	tmp->varDecl.identifier = identifier;
+	tmp->varDecl.typeLiteral = typeLiteral;
+	tmp->varDecl.expression = expression;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnCollection(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle) { //a collection of nodes, intended for use with functions
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_FN_COLLECTION;
+	tmp->fnCollection.nodes = NULL;
+	tmp->fnCollection.capacity = 0;
+	tmp->fnCollection.count = 0;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnDecl(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_ASTNode* arguments, Toy_ASTNode* returns, Toy_ASTNode* block) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_FN_DECL;
+	tmp->fnDecl.identifier = identifier;
+	tmp->fnDecl.arguments = arguments;
+	tmp->fnDecl.returns = returns;
+	tmp->fnDecl.block = block;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnCall(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* arguments) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_FN_CALL;
+	tmp->fnCall.arguments = arguments;
+	tmp->fnCall.argumentCount = arguments->fnCollection.count;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnReturn(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* returns) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_FN_RETURN;
+	tmp->returns.returns = returns;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeIf(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath, Toy_ASTNode* elsePath) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_IF;
+	tmp->pathIf.condition = condition;
+	tmp->pathIf.thenPath = thenPath;
+	tmp->pathIf.elsePath = elsePath;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeWhile(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_WHILE;
+	tmp->pathWhile.condition = condition;
+	tmp->pathWhile.thenPath = thenPath;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFor(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* preClause, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* postClause, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_FOR;
+	tmp->pathFor.preClause = preClause;
+	tmp->pathFor.condition = condition;
+	tmp->pathFor.postClause = postClause;
+	tmp->pathFor.thenPath = thenPath;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeBreak(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_BREAK;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeContinue(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_CONTINUE;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodePrefixIncrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_PREFIX_INCREMENT;
+	tmp->prefixIncrement.identifier = Toy_copyLiteral(identifier);
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodePrefixDecrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_PREFIX_DECREMENT;
+	tmp->prefixDecrement.identifier = Toy_copyLiteral(identifier);
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodePostfixIncrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_POSTFIX_INCREMENT;
+	tmp->postfixIncrement.identifier = Toy_copyLiteral(identifier);
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodePostfixDecrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_POSTFIX_DECREMENT;
+	tmp->postfixDecrement.identifier = Toy_copyLiteral(identifier);
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeImport(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_IMPORT;
+	tmp->import.identifier = Toy_copyLiteral(identifier);
+	tmp->import.alias = Toy_copyLiteral(alias);
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodePass(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
+	Toy_ASTNode* tmp = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = TOY_AST_NODE_PASS;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}

source/toy_ast_node.h

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+#include "toy_literal.h"
+#include "toy_opcodes.h"
+#include "toy_token_types.h"
+
+//nodes are the intermediaries between parsers and compilers
+typedef union Toy_private_node Toy_ASTNode;
+
+typedef enum Toy_ASTNodeType {
+	TOY_AST_NODE_ERROR,
+	TOY_AST_NODE_LITERAL, //a simple value
+	TOY_AST_NODE_UNARY, //one child + opcode
+	TOY_AST_NODE_BINARY, //two children, left and right + opcode
+	TOY_AST_NODE_TERNARY, //three children, condition, then path & else path
+	TOY_AST_NODE_GROUPING, //one child
+	TOY_AST_NODE_BLOCK, //contains a sub-node array
+	TOY_AST_NODE_COMPOUND, //contains a sub-node array
+	TOY_AST_NODE_PAIR, //contains a left and right
+	TOY_AST_NODE_INDEX, //index a variable
+	TOY_AST_NODE_VAR_DECL, //contains identifier literal, typenode, expression definition
+	TOY_AST_NODE_FN_DECL, //containd identifier literal, arguments node, returns node, block node
+	TOY_AST_NODE_FN_COLLECTION, //parts of a function
+	TOY_AST_NODE_FN_CALL, //call a function
+	TOY_AST_NODE_FN_RETURN, //for control flow
+	TOY_AST_NODE_IF, //for control flow
+	TOY_AST_NODE_WHILE, //for control flow
+	TOY_AST_NODE_FOR, //for control flow
+	TOY_AST_NODE_BREAK, //for control flow
+	TOY_AST_NODE_CONTINUE, //for control flow
+	TOY_AST_NODE_PREFIX_INCREMENT, //increment a variable
+	TOY_AST_NODE_POSTFIX_INCREMENT, //increment a variable
+	TOY_AST_NODE_PREFIX_DECREMENT, //decrement a variable
+	TOY_AST_NODE_POSTFIX_DECREMENT, //decrement a variable
+	TOY_AST_NODE_IMPORT, //import a library
+	TOY_AST_NODE_PASS, //for doing nothing
+} Toy_ASTNodeType;
+
+//literals
+void Toy_emitASTNodeLiteral(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal literal);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeLiteral {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal literal;
+} Toy_NodeLiteral;
+
+//unary operator
+void Toy_emitASTNodeUnary(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Opcode opcode, Toy_ASTNode* child);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeUnary {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Opcode opcode;
+	Toy_ASTNode* child;
+} Toy_NodeUnary;
+
+//binary operator
+void Toy_emitASTNodeBinary(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* rhs, Toy_Opcode opcode); //handled node becomes lhs
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeBinary {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Opcode opcode;
+	Toy_ASTNode* left;
+	Toy_ASTNode* right;
+} Toy_NodeBinary;
+
+//ternary operator
+void Toy_emitASTNodeTernary(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath, Toy_ASTNode* elsePath);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeTernary {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* condition;
+	Toy_ASTNode* thenPath;
+	Toy_ASTNode* elsePath;
+} Toy_NodeTernary;
+
+//grouping of other AST nodes
+void Toy_emitASTNodeGrouping(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeGrouping {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* child;
+} Toy_NodeGrouping;
+
+//block of statement nodes
+void Toy_emitASTNodeBlock(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeBlock {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* nodes;
+	int capacity;
+	int count;
+} Toy_NodeBlock;
+
+//compound literals (array, dictionary)
+void Toy_emitASTNodeCompound(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_LiteralType literalType);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeCompound {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_LiteralType literalType;
+	Toy_ASTNode* nodes;
+	int capacity;
+	int count;
+} Toy_NodeCompound;
+
+void Toy_setASTNodePair(Toy_ASTNode* node, Toy_ASTNode* left, Toy_ASTNode* right); //NOTE: this is a set function, not an emit function
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodePair {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* left;
+	Toy_ASTNode* right;
+} Toy_NodePair;
+
+void Toy_emitASTNodeIndex(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* first, Toy_ASTNode* second, Toy_ASTNode* third);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeIndex {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* first;
+	Toy_ASTNode* second;
+	Toy_ASTNode* third;
+} Toy_NodeIndex;
+
+//variable declaration
+void Toy_emitASTNodeVarDecl(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal type, Toy_ASTNode* expression);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeVarDecl {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal identifier;
+	Toy_Literal typeLiteral;
+	Toy_ASTNode* expression;
+} Toy_NodeVarDecl;
+
+//NOTE: fnCollection is used by fnDecl, fnCall and fnReturn
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnCollection(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeFnCollection {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* nodes;
+	int capacity;
+	int count;
+} Toy_NodeFnCollection;
+
+//function declaration
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnDecl(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_ASTNode* arguments, Toy_ASTNode* returns, Toy_ASTNode* block);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeFnDecl {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal identifier;
+	Toy_ASTNode* arguments;
+	Toy_ASTNode* returns;
+	Toy_ASTNode* block;
+} Toy_NodeFnDecl;
+
+//function call
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnCall(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* arguments);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeFnCall {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* arguments;
+	int argumentCount; //NOTE: leave this, so it can be hacked by dottify()
+} Toy_NodeFnCall;
+
+//function return
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFnReturn(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* returns);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeFnReturn {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* returns;
+} Toy_NodeFnReturn;
+
+//control flow path - if-else, while, for, break, continue, return
+void Toy_emitASTNodeIf(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath, Toy_ASTNode* elsePath);
+void Toy_emitASTNodeWhile(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath);
+void Toy_emitASTNodeFor(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_ASTNode* preClause, Toy_ASTNode* condition, Toy_ASTNode* postClause, Toy_ASTNode* thenPath);
+void Toy_emitASTNodeBreak(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle);
+void Toy_emitASTNodeContinue(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeIf {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* condition;
+	Toy_ASTNode* thenPath;
+	Toy_ASTNode* elsePath;
+} Toy_NodeIf;
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeWhile {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* condition;
+	Toy_ASTNode* thenPath;
+} Toy_NodeWhile;
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeFor {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_ASTNode* preClause;
+	Toy_ASTNode* condition;
+	Toy_ASTNode* postClause;
+	Toy_ASTNode* thenPath;
+} Toy_NodeFor;
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeBreak {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+} Toy_NodeBreak;
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeContinue {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+} Toy_NodeContinue;
+
+//pre-post increment/decrement
+void Toy_emitASTNodePrefixIncrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier);
+void Toy_emitASTNodePrefixDecrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier);
+void Toy_emitASTNodePostfixIncrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier);
+void Toy_emitASTNodePostfixDecrement(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodePrefixIncrement {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal identifier;
+} Toy_NodePrefixIncrement;
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodePrefixDecrement {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal identifier;
+} Toy_NodePrefixDecrement;
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodePostfixIncrement {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal identifier;
+} Toy_NodePostfixIncrement;
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodePostfixDecrement {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal identifier;
+} Toy_NodePostfixDecrement;
+
+//import a library
+void Toy_emitASTNodeImport(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle, Toy_Literal identifier, Toy_Literal alias);
+
+typedef struct Toy_NodeImport {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_Literal identifier;
+	Toy_Literal alias;
+} Toy_NodeImport;
+
+//for doing nothing
+void Toy_emitASTNodePass(Toy_ASTNode** nodeHandle);
+
+union Toy_private_node {
+	Toy_ASTNodeType type;
+	Toy_NodeLiteral atomic;
+	Toy_NodeUnary unary;
+	Toy_NodeBinary binary;
+	Toy_NodeTernary ternary;
+	Toy_NodeGrouping grouping;
+	Toy_NodeBlock block;
+	Toy_NodeCompound compound;
+	Toy_NodePair pair;
+	Toy_NodeIndex index;
+	Toy_NodeVarDecl varDecl;
+	Toy_NodeFnCollection fnCollection;
+	Toy_NodeFnDecl fnDecl;
+	Toy_NodeFnCall fnCall;
+	Toy_NodeFnReturn returns;
+	Toy_NodeIf pathIf;
+	Toy_NodeWhile pathWhile;
+	Toy_NodeFor pathFor;
+	Toy_NodeBreak pathBreak;
+	Toy_NodeContinue pathContinue;
+	Toy_NodePrefixIncrement prefixIncrement;
+	Toy_NodePrefixDecrement prefixDecrement;
+	Toy_NodePostfixIncrement postfixIncrement;
+	Toy_NodePostfixDecrement postfixDecrement;
+	Toy_NodeImport import;
+};
+
+TOY_API void Toy_freeASTNode(Toy_ASTNode* node);

source/toy_builtin.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
+
+//the _index function is a historical oddity - it's used whenever a compound is indexed
+int Toy_private_index(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);
+
+//globally available native functions
+int Toy_private_set(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);
+int Toy_private_get(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);
+int Toy_private_push(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);
+int Toy_private_pop(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);
+int Toy_private_length(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);
+int Toy_private_clear(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);

source/toy_common.c

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+#include "toy_common.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+//test variable sizes based on platform - see issue #35
+#define STATIC_ASSERT(test_for_true) static_assert((test_for_true), "(" #test_for_true ") failed")
+
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(char) == 1);
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(short) == 2);
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(int) == 4);
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(float) == 4);
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(unsigned char) == 1);
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(unsigned short) == 2);
+STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(unsigned int) == 4);
+
+#ifndef TOY_DISABLE_REPL
+
+//declare the singleton with default values
+Toy_CommandLine Toy_commandLine = {
+	.error = false,
+	.help = false,
+	.version = false,
+	.binaryfile = NULL,
+	.sourcefile = NULL,
+	.compilefile = NULL,
+	.outfile = "out.tb",
+	.source = NULL,
+	.initialfile = NULL,
+	.enablePrintNewline = true,
+	.verbose = false
+};
+
+void Toy_initCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
+	for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { //start at 1 to skip the program name
+		Toy_commandLine.error = true; //error state by default, set to false by successful flags
+
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-h") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--help")) {
+			Toy_commandLine.help = true;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-v") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--version")) {
+			Toy_commandLine.version = true;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-d") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--debug")) {
+			Toy_commandLine.verbose = true;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-f") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--sourcefile")) && i + 1 < argc) {
+			Toy_commandLine.sourcefile = (char*)argv[i + 1];
+			i++;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-i") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--input")) && i + 1 < argc) {
+			Toy_commandLine.source = (char*)argv[i + 1];
+			i++;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-c") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--compile")) && i + 1 < argc) {
+			Toy_commandLine.compilefile = (char*)argv[i + 1];
+			i++;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-o") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--output")) && i + 1 < argc) {
+			Toy_commandLine.outfile = (char*)argv[i + 1];
+			i++;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if ((!strcmp(argv[i], "-t") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--initial")) && i + 1 < argc) {
+			Toy_commandLine.initialfile = (char*)argv[i + 1];
+			i++;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-n")) {
+			Toy_commandLine.enablePrintNewline = false;
+			Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		//option without a flag + ending in .tb = binary input
+		if (i < argc) {
+			if (strncmp(&(argv[i][strlen(argv[i]) - 3]), ".tb", 3) == 0) {
+				Toy_commandLine.binaryfile = (char*)argv[i];
+				Toy_commandLine.error = false;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		//don't keep reading in an error state
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+void Toy_usageCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
+	printf("Usage: %s [ file.tb | -h | -v | -d | -f file.toy | -i source | -c file.toy -o out.tb | -t file.toy ]\n\n", argv[0]);
+}
+
+void Toy_helpCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
+	Toy_usageCommandLine(argc, argv);
+
+	printf("  -h, --help\t\t\tShow this help then exit.\n");
+	printf("  -v, --version\t\t\tShow version and copyright information then exit.\n");
+	printf("  -d, --debug\t\t\tBe verbose when operating.\n");
+	printf("  -f, --file filename\t\tParse, compile and execute the source file.\n");
+	printf("  -i, --input source\t\tParse, compile and execute this given string of source code.\n");
+	printf("  -c, --compile filename\tParse and compile the specified source file into an output file.\n");
+	printf("  -o, --output outfile\t\tName of the output file built with --compile (default: out.tb).\n");
+	printf("  -t, --initial filename\tStart the repl as normal, after first running the given file.\n");
+	printf("  -n\t\t\t\tDisable the newline character at the end of the print statement.\n");
+}
+
+void Toy_copyrightCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
+	printf("Toy Programming Language Interpreter Version %d.%d.%d (built on %s)\n\n", TOY_VERSION_MAJOR, TOY_VERSION_MINOR, TOY_VERSION_PATCH, TOY_VERSION_BUILD);
+	printf("Copyright (c) 2020-2023 Kayne Ruse, KR Game Studios\n\n");
+	printf("This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.\n\n");
+	printf("Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:\n\n");
+	printf("1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be appreciated but is not required.\n\n");
+	printf("2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software.\n\n");
+	printf("3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.\n\n");
+}
+
+#endif

source/toy_common.h

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#define TOY_VERSION_MAJOR 1
+#define TOY_VERSION_MINOR 1
+#define TOY_VERSION_PATCH 3
+#define TOY_VERSION_BUILD __DATE__ " " __TIME__
+
+//platform/compiler-specific instructions
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+
+#define TOY_API extern
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
+#define TOY_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#else
+#define TOY_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#endif
+
+#else
+
+#define TOY_API extern
+
+#endif
+
+#ifndef TOY_DISABLE_REPL
+
+//for processing the command line arguments in the repl
+typedef struct {
+	bool error;
+	bool help;
+	bool version;
+	char* binaryfile;
+	char* sourcefile;
+	char* compilefile;
+	char* outfile; //defaults to out.tb
+	char* source;
+	char* initialfile;
+	bool enablePrintNewline;
+	bool verbose;
+} Toy_CommandLine;
+
+//these are intended for the repl only, despite using the api prefix
+TOY_API Toy_CommandLine Toy_commandLine;
+
+TOY_API void Toy_initCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]);
+
+TOY_API void Toy_usageCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]);
+TOY_API void Toy_helpCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]);
+TOY_API void Toy_copyrightCommandLine(int argc, const char* argv[]);
+
+#endif

source/toy_compiler.h

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+#include "toy_opcodes.h"
+#include "toy_ast_node.h"
+#include "toy_literal_array.h"
+
+//the compiler takes the nodes, and turns them into sequential chunks of bytecode, saving literals to an external array
+typedef struct Toy_Compiler {
+	Toy_LiteralArray literalCache;
+	unsigned char* bytecode;
+	int capacity;
+	int count;
+	bool panic;
+} Toy_Compiler;
+
+TOY_API void Toy_initCompiler(Toy_Compiler* compiler);
+TOY_API void Toy_writeCompiler(Toy_Compiler* compiler, Toy_ASTNode* node);
+TOY_API void Toy_freeCompiler(Toy_Compiler* compiler);
+
+//embed the header, data section, code section, function section, etc.
+TOY_API unsigned char* Toy_collateCompiler(Toy_Compiler* compiler, size_t* size);

source/toy_console_colors.h

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#pragma once
+
+//NOTE: you need both font AND background for these to work
+
+//platform/compiler-specific instructions
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+
+//fonts color
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_BLACK      "\033[30;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_RED        "\033[31;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_GREEN      "\033[32;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_YELLOW     "\033[33;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_BLUE       "\033[34;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_PURPLE     "\033[35;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_DGREEN     "\033[6;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_WHITE      "\033[7;"
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_CYAN       "\x1b[36m"
+
+//background color
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK      "40m"
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_RED        "41m"
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_GREEN      "42m"
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_YELLOW     "43m"
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_BLUE       "44m"
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_PURPLE     "45m"
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_DGREEN     "46m"
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_WHITE      "47m"
+
+//useful
+#define TOY_CC_NOTICE TOY_CC_FONT_GREEN TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_WARN TOY_CC_FONT_YELLOW TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_ERROR TOY_CC_FONT_RED TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_RESET "\033[0m"
+
+#else
+
+//fonts color
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_RED
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_GREEN
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_YELLOW
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_BLUE
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_PURPLE
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_DGREEN
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_WHITE
+#define TOY_CC_FONT_CYAN
+
+//background color
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_RED
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_GREEN
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_YELLOW
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_BLUE
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_PURPLE
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_DGREEN
+#define TOY_CC_BACK_WHITE
+
+//useful
+#define TOY_CC_NOTICE TOY_CC_FONT_GREEN TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_WARN TOY_CC_FONT_YELLOW TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_ERROR TOY_CC_FONT_RED TOY_CC_BACK_BLACK
+#define TOY_CC_RESET
+
+#endif

source/toy_drive_system.c

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#include "toy_drive_system.h"
+
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+#include "toy_literal_dictionary.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+//file system API
+static Toy_LiteralDictionary driveDictionary;
+
+void Toy_initDriveSystem() {
+	Toy_initLiteralDictionary(&driveDictionary);
+}
+
+void Toy_freeDriveSystem() {
+	Toy_freeLiteralDictionary(&driveDictionary);
+}
+
+TOY_API void Toy_setDrivePath(char* drive, char* path) {
+	Toy_Literal driveLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString(drive));
+	Toy_Literal pathLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefString(path));
+
+	Toy_setLiteralDictionary(&driveDictionary, driveLiteral, pathLiteral);
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(driveLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(pathLiteral);
+}
+
+Toy_Literal Toy_getDrivePathLiteral(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal* drivePathLiteral) {
+	//check argument types
+	if (!TOY_IS_STRING(*drivePathLiteral)) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect argument type passed to Toy_getDrivePathLiteral\n");
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	Toy_RefString* drivePath = Toy_copyRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(*drivePathLiteral));
+
+	//get the drive and path as a string (can't trust that pesky strtok - custom split) TODO: move this to refstring library
+	size_t driveLength = 0;
+	while (Toy_toCString(drivePath)[driveLength] != ':') {
+		if (driveLength >= Toy_lengthRefString(drivePath)) {
+			interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect drive path format given to Toy_getDrivePathLiteral\n");
+
+			return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+		}
+
+		driveLength++;
+	}
+
+	Toy_RefString* drive = Toy_createRefStringLength(Toy_toCString(drivePath), driveLength);
+	Toy_RefString* filePath = Toy_createRefStringLength( &Toy_toCString(drivePath)[driveLength + 1], Toy_lengthRefString(drivePath) - driveLength );
+
+	//get the real drive file path
+	Toy_Literal driveLiteral = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(drive); //NOTE: driveLiteral takes ownership of the refString
+	Toy_Literal pathLiteral = Toy_getLiteralDictionary(&driveDictionary, driveLiteral);
+
+	if (!TOY_IS_STRING(pathLiteral)) {
+		interpreter->errorOutput("Incorrect literal type found for drive: ");
+		Toy_printLiteralCustom(pathLiteral, interpreter->errorOutput);
+		interpreter->errorOutput("\n");
+		Toy_freeLiteral(driveLiteral);
+		Toy_freeLiteral(pathLiteral);
+		Toy_deleteRefString(filePath);
+		Toy_deleteRefString(drivePath);
+
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	//get the final real file path (concat) TODO: move this concat to refstring library
+	Toy_RefString* path = Toy_copyRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(pathLiteral));
+	size_t fileLength = Toy_lengthRefString(path) + Toy_lengthRefString(filePath);
+
+	char* file = TOY_ALLOCATE(char, fileLength + 1); //+1 for null
+	snprintf(file, fileLength, "%s%s", Toy_toCString(path), Toy_toCString(filePath));
+
+	//clean up the drive/path stuff
+    Toy_deleteRefString(drivePath);
+    Toy_deleteRefString(filePath);
+    Toy_deleteRefString(path);
+    Toy_freeLiteral(driveLiteral);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(pathLiteral);
+
+	//check for break-out attempts
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < fileLength - 1; i++) {
+		if (file[i] == '.' && file[i + 1] == '.') {
+			interpreter->errorOutput("Parent directory access not allowed\n");
+			TOY_FREE_ARRAY(char, file, fileLength + 1);
+			return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	Toy_Literal result = TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_createRefStringLength(file, fileLength));
+
+	TOY_FREE_ARRAY(char, file, fileLength + 1);
+
+	return result;
+}

source/toy_drive_system.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "toy_common.h"
+
+#include "toy_literal.h"
+#include "toy_interpreter.h"
+
+//file system API - these need to be set by the host
+TOY_API void Toy_initDriveSystem();
+TOY_API void Toy_freeDriveSystem();
+
+//file system API - for use with libs
+TOY_API void Toy_setDrivePath(char* drive, char* path);
+TOY_API Toy_Literal Toy_getDrivePathLiteral(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal* drivePathLiteral);

source/toy_interpreter.h

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+#include "toy_literal.h"
+#include "toy_literal_array.h"
+#include "toy_literal_dictionary.h"
+#include "toy_scope.h"
+
+//the interpreter acts depending on the bytecode instructions
+typedef struct Toy_Interpreter {
+	//input
+	const unsigned char* bytecode;
+	int length;
+	int count;
+	int codeStart; //BUGFIX: for jumps, must be initialized to -1
+	Toy_LiteralArray literalCache; //read-only - built from the bytecode, refreshed each time new bytecode is provided
+
+	//operation
+	Toy_Scope* scope;
+	Toy_LiteralArray stack;
+
+	//Library APIs
+	Toy_LiteralDictionary* hooks;
+
+	//debug outputs
+	Toy_PrintFn printOutput;
+	Toy_PrintFn assertOutput;
+	Toy_PrintFn errorOutput;
+
+	int depth; //don't overflow
+	bool panic;
+} Toy_Interpreter;
+
+//native API
+TOY_API bool Toy_injectNativeFn(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, const char* name, Toy_NativeFn func);
+TOY_API bool Toy_injectNativeHook(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, const char* name, Toy_HookFn hook);
+
+TOY_API bool Toy_callLiteralFn(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal func, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments, Toy_LiteralArray* returns);
+TOY_API bool Toy_callFn(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, const char* name, Toy_LiteralArray* arguments, Toy_LiteralArray* returns);
+
+//utilities for the host program
+TOY_API bool Toy_parseIdentifierToValue(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_Literal* literalPtr);
+TOY_API void Toy_setInterpreterPrint(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_PrintFn printOutput);
+TOY_API void Toy_setInterpreterAssert(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_PrintFn assertOutput);
+TOY_API void Toy_setInterpreterError(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, Toy_PrintFn errorOutput);
+
+//main access
+TOY_API void Toy_initInterpreter(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter); //start of program
+TOY_API void Toy_runInterpreter(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, const unsigned char* bytecode, size_t length); //run the code
+TOY_API void Toy_resetInterpreter(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter); //use this to reset the interpreter's environment between runs
+TOY_API void Toy_freeInterpreter(Toy_Interpreter* interpreter); //end of program

source/toy_keyword_types.c

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#include "toy_keyword_types.h"
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+Toy_KeywordType Toy_keywordTypes[] = {
+	//type keywords
+	{TOY_TOKEN_NULL,       "null"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_BOOLEAN,    "bool"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_INTEGER,    "int"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_FLOAT,      "float"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_STRING,     "string"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_FUNCTION,   "fn"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_OPAQUE,     "opaque"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_ANY,        "any"},
+
+	//other keywords
+	{TOY_TOKEN_AS,         "as"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_ASSERT,     "assert"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_BREAK,      "break"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_CLASS,      "class"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_CONST,      "const"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_CONTINUE,   "continue"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_DO,         "do"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_ELSE,       "else"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_EXPORT,     "export"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_FOR,        "for"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_FOREACH,    "foreach"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_IF,         "if"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_IMPORT,     "import"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_IN,         "in"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_OF,         "of"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_PRINT,      "print"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_RETURN,     "return"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_TYPE,       "type"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_ASTYPE,     "astype"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_TYPEOF,     "typeof"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_VAR,        "var"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_WHILE,      "while"},
+
+	//literal values
+	{TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_TRUE,   "true"},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_FALSE,  "false"},
+
+	//meta tokens
+	{TOY_TOKEN_PASS,       NULL},
+	{TOY_TOKEN_ERROR,      NULL},
+
+	{TOY_TOKEN_EOF, NULL},
+};
+
+char* Toy_findKeywordByType(Toy_TokenType type) {
+	if (type == TOY_TOKEN_EOF) {
+		return "EOF";
+	}
+
+	for(int i = 0; Toy_keywordTypes[i].keyword; i++) {
+		if (Toy_keywordTypes[i].type == type) {
+			return Toy_keywordTypes[i].keyword;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+Toy_TokenType Toy_findTypeByKeyword(const char* keyword) {
+	const int length = strlen(keyword);
+
+	for (int i = 0; Toy_keywordTypes[i].keyword; i++) {
+		if (!strncmp(keyword, Toy_keywordTypes[i].keyword, length)) {
+			return Toy_keywordTypes[i].type;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return TOY_TOKEN_EOF;
+}

source/toy_keyword_types.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_token_types.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+	Toy_TokenType type;
+	char* keyword;
+} Toy_KeywordType;
+
+extern Toy_KeywordType Toy_keywordTypes[];
+
+char* Toy_findKeywordByType(Toy_TokenType type);
+
+Toy_TokenType Toy_findTypeByKeyword(const char* keyword);

source/toy_lexer.c

@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+#include "toy_lexer.h"
+#include "toy_console_colors.h"
+#include "toy_keyword_types.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+//static generic utility functions
+static void cleanLexer(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	lexer->source = NULL;
+	lexer->start = 0;
+	lexer->current = 0;
+	lexer->line = 1;
+	lexer->commentsEnabled = true;
+}
+
+static bool isAtEnd(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	return lexer->source[lexer->current] == '\0';
+}
+
+static char peek(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	return lexer->source[lexer->current];
+}
+
+static char peekNext(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) return '\0';
+	return lexer->source[lexer->current + 1];
+}
+
+static char advance(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) {
+		return '\0';
+	}
+
+	//new line
+	if (lexer->source[lexer->current] == '\n') {
+		lexer->line++;
+	}
+
+	lexer->current++;
+	return lexer->source[lexer->current - 1];
+}
+
+static void eatWhitespace(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	const char c = peek(lexer);
+
+	switch(c) {
+		case ' ':
+		case '\r':
+		case '\n':
+		case '\t':
+			advance(lexer);
+			break;
+
+		//comments
+		case '/':
+			if (!lexer->commentsEnabled) {
+				return;
+			}
+
+			//eat the line
+			if (peekNext(lexer) == '/') {
+				while (!isAtEnd(lexer) && advance(lexer) != '\n');
+				break;
+			}
+
+			//eat the block
+			if (peekNext(lexer) == '*') {
+				advance(lexer);
+				advance(lexer);
+				while(!isAtEnd(lexer) && !(peek(lexer) == '*' && peekNext(lexer) == '/')) advance(lexer);
+				advance(lexer);
+				advance(lexer);
+				break;
+			}
+		return;
+
+		default:
+			return;
+	}
+
+	//tail recursion
+	eatWhitespace(lexer);
+}
+
+static bool isDigit(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	return peek(lexer) >= '0' && peek(lexer) <= '9';
+}
+
+static bool isAlpha(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	return
+		(peek(lexer) >= 'A' && peek(lexer) <= 'Z') ||
+		(peek(lexer) >= 'a' && peek(lexer) <= 'z') ||
+		peek(lexer) == '_'
+	;
+}
+
+static bool match(Toy_Lexer* lexer, char c) {
+	if (peek(lexer) == c) {
+		advance(lexer);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+//token generators
+static Toy_Token makeErrorToken(Toy_Lexer* lexer, char* msg) {
+	Toy_Token token;
+
+	token.type = TOY_TOKEN_ERROR;
+	token.lexeme = msg;
+	token.length = strlen(msg);
+	token.line = lexer->line;
+
+#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
+	if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+		printf("err:");
+		Toy_private_printToken(&token);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return token;
+}
+
+static Toy_Token makeToken(Toy_Lexer* lexer, Toy_TokenType type) {
+	Toy_Token token;
+
+	token.type = type;
+	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
+	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->current - token.length];
+	token.line = lexer->line;
+
+#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
+	//BUG #10: this shows TOKEN_EOF twice due to the overarching structure of the program - can't be fixed
+	if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+		printf("tok:");
+		Toy_private_printToken(&token);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return token;
+}
+
+static Toy_Token makeIntegerOrFloat(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	Toy_TokenType type = TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_INTEGER; //what am I making?
+
+	while(isDigit(lexer) || peek(lexer) == '_') advance(lexer);
+
+	if (peek(lexer) == '.' && (peekNext(lexer) >= '0' && peekNext(lexer) <= '9')) { //BUGFIX: peekNext == digit
+		type = TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_FLOAT;
+		advance(lexer);
+		while(isDigit(lexer) || peek(lexer) == '_') advance(lexer);
+	}
+
+	Toy_Token token;
+
+	token.type = type;
+	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start];
+	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
+	token.line = lexer->line;
+
+#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
+	if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+		if (type == TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_INTEGER) {
+			printf("int:");
+		} else {
+			printf("flt:");
+		}
+		Toy_private_printToken(&token);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return token;
+}
+
+static bool isEscapableCharacter(char c) {
+	switch (c) {
+		case 'n':
+		case 't':
+		case '\\':
+		case '"':
+			return true;
+
+		default:
+			return false;
+	}
+}
+
+static Toy_Token makeString(Toy_Lexer* lexer, char terminator) {
+	while (!isAtEnd(lexer)) {
+		//stop if you've hit the terminator
+		if (peek(lexer) == terminator) {
+			advance(lexer); //eat terminator
+			break;
+		}
+
+		//skip escaped control characters
+		if (peek(lexer) == '\\' && isEscapableCharacter(peekNext(lexer))) {
+			advance(lexer);
+			advance(lexer);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		//otherwise
+		advance(lexer);
+	}
+
+	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) {
+		return makeErrorToken(lexer, "Unterminated string");
+	}
+
+	Toy_Token token;
+
+	token.type = TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_STRING;
+	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start + 1];
+	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start - 2;
+	token.line = lexer->line;
+
+#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
+	if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+		printf("str:");
+		Toy_private_printToken(&token);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return token;
+}
+
+static Toy_Token makeKeywordOrIdentifier(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	advance(lexer); //first letter can only be alpha
+
+	while(isDigit(lexer) || isAlpha(lexer)) {
+		advance(lexer);
+	}
+
+	//scan for a keyword
+	for (int i = 0; Toy_keywordTypes[i].keyword; i++) {
+		if (strlen(Toy_keywordTypes[i].keyword) == (long unsigned int)(lexer->current - lexer->start) && !strncmp(Toy_keywordTypes[i].keyword, &lexer->source[lexer->start], lexer->current - lexer->start)) {
+			Toy_Token token;
+
+			token.type = Toy_keywordTypes[i].type;
+			token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start];
+			token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
+			token.line = lexer->line;
+
+#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
+			if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+				printf("kwd:");
+				Toy_private_printToken(&token);
+			}
+#endif
+
+			return token;
+		}
+	}
+
+	//return an identifier
+	Toy_Token token;
+
+	token.type = TOY_TOKEN_IDENTIFIER;
+	token.lexeme = &lexer->source[lexer->start];
+	token.length = lexer->current - lexer->start;
+	token.line = lexer->line;
+
+#ifndef TOY_EXPORT
+	if (Toy_commandLine.verbose) {
+		printf("idf:");
+		Toy_private_printToken(&token);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return token;
+}
+
+//exposed functions
+void Toy_initLexer(Toy_Lexer* lexer, const char* source) {
+	cleanLexer(lexer);
+
+	lexer->source = source;
+}
+
+Toy_Token Toy_private_scanLexer(Toy_Lexer* lexer) {
+	eatWhitespace(lexer);
+
+	lexer->start = lexer->current;
+
+	if (isAtEnd(lexer)) return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_EOF);
+
+	if (isDigit(lexer)) return makeIntegerOrFloat(lexer);
+	if (isAlpha(lexer)) return makeKeywordOrIdentifier(lexer);
+
+	char c = advance(lexer);
+
+	switch(c) {
+		case '(': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_PAREN_LEFT);
+		case ')': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_PAREN_RIGHT);
+		case '{': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_BRACE_LEFT);
+		case '}': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_BRACE_RIGHT);
+		case '[': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_BRACKET_LEFT);
+		case ']': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_BRACKET_RIGHT);
+
+		case '+': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_PLUS_ASSIGN : match(lexer, '+') ? TOY_TOKEN_PLUS_PLUS: TOY_TOKEN_PLUS);
+		case '-': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_MINUS_ASSIGN : match(lexer, '-') ? TOY_TOKEN_MINUS_MINUS: TOY_TOKEN_MINUS);
+		case '*': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_MULTIPLY_ASSIGN : TOY_TOKEN_MULTIPLY);
+		case '/': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_DIVIDE_ASSIGN : TOY_TOKEN_DIVIDE);
+		case '%': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_MODULO_ASSIGN : TOY_TOKEN_MODULO);
+
+		case '!': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_NOT_EQUAL : TOY_TOKEN_NOT);
+		case '=': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_EQUAL : TOY_TOKEN_ASSIGN);
+
+		case '<': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_LESS_EQUAL : TOY_TOKEN_LESS);
+		case '>': return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '=') ? TOY_TOKEN_GREATER_EQUAL : TOY_TOKEN_GREATER);
+
+		case '&': //TOKEN_AND not used
+			if (advance(lexer) != '&') {
+				return makeErrorToken(lexer, "Unexpected '&'");
+			} else {
+				return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_AND);
+			}
+
+		case '|':  return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '|') ? TOY_TOKEN_OR : TOY_TOKEN_PIPE);
+
+		case '?': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_QUESTION);
+		case ':': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_COLON);
+		case ';': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_SEMICOLON);
+		case ',': return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_COMMA);
+		case '.':
+			if (peek(lexer) == '.' && peekNext(lexer) == '.') {
+				advance(lexer);
+				advance(lexer);
+				return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_REST);
+			}
+			return makeToken(lexer, TOY_TOKEN_DOT);
+
+		case '"':
+			return makeString(lexer, c);
+			//TODO: possibly support interpolated strings
+
+		default: {
+			char buffer[128];
+			snprintf(buffer, 128, "Unexpected token: %c", c);
+			return makeErrorToken(lexer, buffer);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void trim(char** s, int* l) { //all this to remove a newline?
+	while( isspace(( (*((unsigned char**)(s)))[(*l) - 1] )) ) (*l)--;
+	while(**s && isspace( **(unsigned char**)(s)) ) { (*s)++; (*l)--; }
+}
+
+//for debugging
+void Toy_private_printToken(Toy_Token* token) {
+	if (token->type == TOY_TOKEN_ERROR) {
+		printf(TOY_CC_ERROR "Error\t%d\t%.*s\n" TOY_CC_RESET, token->line, token->length, token->lexeme);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	printf("\t%d\t%d\t", token->type, token->line);
+
+	if (token->type == TOY_TOKEN_IDENTIFIER || token->type == TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_INTEGER || token->type == TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_FLOAT || token->type == TOY_TOKEN_LITERAL_STRING) {
+		printf("%.*s\t", token->length, token->lexeme);
+	} else {
+		char* keyword = Toy_findKeywordByType(token->type);
+
+		if (keyword != NULL) {
+			printf("%s", keyword);
+		} else {
+			char* str = (char*)token->lexeme; //strip const-ness for trimming
+			int length = token->length;
+			trim(&str, &length);
+			printf("%.*s", length, str);
+		}
+	}
+
+	printf("\n");
+}
+
+void Toy_private_setComments(Toy_Lexer* lexer, bool enabled) {
+	lexer->commentsEnabled = enabled;
+}

source/toy_lexer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+#include "toy_token_types.h"
+
+//lexers are bound to a string of code, and return a single token every time scan is called
+typedef struct {
+	const char* source;
+	int start; //start of the token
+	int current; //current position of the lexer
+	int line; //track this for error handling
+	bool commentsEnabled; //BUGFIX: enable comments (disabled in repl)
+} Toy_Lexer;
+
+//tokens are intermediaries between lexers and parsers
+typedef struct {
+	Toy_TokenType type;
+	const char* lexeme;
+	int length;
+	int line;
+} Toy_Token;
+
+TOY_API void Toy_initLexer(Toy_Lexer* lexer, const char* source);
+TOY_API Toy_Token Toy_private_scanLexer(Toy_Lexer* lexer);
+
+//for debugging
+TOY_API void Toy_private_printToken(Toy_Token* token);
+
+TOY_API void Toy_private_setComments(Toy_Lexer* lexer, bool enabled);

source/toy_literal.c

@@ -0,0 +1,722 @@
+#include "toy_literal.h"
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+
+#include "toy_literal_array.h"
+#include "toy_literal_dictionary.h"
+#include "toy_scope.h"
+
+#include "toy_console_colors.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+//hash util functions
+static unsigned int hashString(const char* string, int length) {
+	unsigned int hash = 2166136261u;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+		hash *= string[i];
+		hash ^= 16777619;
+	}
+
+	return hash;
+}
+
+static unsigned int hashUInt(unsigned int x) {
+    x = ((x >> 16) ^ x) * 0x45d9f3b;
+    x = ((x >> 16) ^ x) * 0x45d9f3b;
+    x = (x >> 16) ^ x;
+    return x;
+}
+
+//exposed functions
+void Toy_freeLiteral(Toy_Literal literal) {
+	//refstrings
+	if (TOY_IS_STRING(literal)) {
+		Toy_deleteRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(literal));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(literal)) {
+		Toy_deleteRefString(TOY_AS_IDENTIFIER(literal));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	//compounds
+	if (TOY_IS_ARRAY(literal) || literal.type == TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY_INTERMEDIATE || literal.type == TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE || literal.type == TOY_LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE) {
+		Toy_freeLiteralArray(TOY_AS_ARRAY(literal));
+		TOY_FREE(Toy_LiteralArray, TOY_AS_ARRAY(literal));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_DICTIONARY(literal)) {
+		Toy_freeLiteralDictionary(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(literal));
+		TOY_FREE(Toy_LiteralDictionary, TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(literal));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	//complex literals
+	if (TOY_IS_FUNCTION(literal)) {
+		Toy_popScope(TOY_AS_FUNCTION(literal).scope);
+		TOY_AS_FUNCTION(literal).scope = NULL;
+		Toy_deleteRefFunction((Toy_RefFunction*)(TOY_AS_FUNCTION(literal).inner.ptr));
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_TYPE(literal) && TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).capacity > 0) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).count; i++) {
+			Toy_freeLiteral(((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i]);
+		}
+		TOY_FREE_ARRAY(Toy_Literal, TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes, TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).capacity);
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+bool Toy_private_isTruthy(Toy_Literal x) {
+	if (TOY_IS_NULL(x)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Null is neither true nor false\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_BOOLEAN(x)) {
+		return TOY_AS_BOOLEAN(x);
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+Toy_Literal Toy_private_toIdentifierLiteral(Toy_RefString* ptr) {
+	return ((Toy_Literal){{ .identifier = { .ptr = ptr, .hash = hashString(Toy_toCString(ptr), Toy_lengthRefString(ptr)) }},TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER});
+}
+
+Toy_Literal* Toy_private_typePushSubtype(Toy_Literal* lit, Toy_Literal subtype) {
+	//grow the subtype array
+	if (TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).count + 1 > TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity) {
+		int oldCapacity = TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity;
+
+		TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity = TOY_GROW_CAPACITY(oldCapacity);
+		TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes = TOY_GROW_ARRAY(Toy_Literal, TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes, oldCapacity, TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).capacity);
+	}
+
+	//actually push
+	((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes))[ TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).count++ ] = subtype;
+	return &((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).subtypes))[ TOY_AS_TYPE(*lit).count - 1 ];
+}
+
+Toy_Literal Toy_copyLiteral(Toy_Literal original) {
+	switch(original.type) {
+		case TOY_LITERAL_NULL:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT:
+			//no copying needed
+			return original;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_STRING: {
+			return TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(Toy_copyRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(original)));
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY: {
+			Toy_LiteralArray* array = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralArray, 1);
+			Toy_initLiteralArray(array);
+
+			//copy each element
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->count; i++) {
+				Toy_pushLiteralArray(array, TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i]);
+			}
+
+			return TOY_TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(array);
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY: {
+			Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralDictionary, 1);
+			Toy_initLiteralDictionary(dictionary);
+
+			//copy each entry
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(original)->capacity; i++) {
+				if ( !TOY_IS_NULL(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[i].key) ) {
+					Toy_setLiteralDictionary(dictionary, TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[i].key, TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(original)->entries[i].value);
+				}
+			}
+
+			return TOY_TO_DICTIONARY_LITERAL(dictionary);
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION: {
+			Toy_Literal literal = TOY_TO_FUNCTION_LITERAL(Toy_copyRefFunction( TOY_AS_FUNCTION(original).inner.ptr ));
+
+			TOY_AS_FUNCTION(literal).scope = Toy_copyScope(TOY_AS_FUNCTION(original).scope);
+
+			return literal;
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER: {
+			//NOTE: could optimise this by copying the hash manually, but it's a very small increase in performance
+			return TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(Toy_copyRefString(TOY_AS_IDENTIFIER(original)));
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE: {
+			Toy_Literal lit = TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(TOY_AS_TYPE(original).typeOf, TOY_AS_TYPE(original).constant);
+
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_TYPE(original).count; i++) {
+				TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(&lit, Toy_copyLiteral( ((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(original).subtypes))[i] ));
+			}
+
+			return lit;
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE: {
+			return original; //literally a shallow copy
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY_INTERMEDIATE: {
+			Toy_LiteralArray* array = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralArray, 1);
+			Toy_initLiteralArray(array);
+
+			//copy each element
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->count; i++) {
+				Toy_Literal literal = Toy_copyLiteral(TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i]);
+				Toy_pushLiteralArray(array, literal);
+				Toy_freeLiteral(literal);
+			}
+
+			Toy_Literal ret = TOY_TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(array);
+			ret.type = TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY_INTERMEDIATE;
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE: {
+			Toy_LiteralArray* array = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralArray, 1);
+			Toy_initLiteralArray(array);
+
+			//copy each element
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->count; i++) {
+				Toy_Literal literal = Toy_copyLiteral(TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i]);
+				Toy_pushLiteralArray(array, literal);
+				Toy_freeLiteral(literal);
+			}
+
+			Toy_Literal ret = TOY_TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(array);
+			ret.type = TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE;
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE: {
+			Toy_LiteralArray* array = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_LiteralArray, 1);
+			Toy_initLiteralArray(array);
+
+			//copy each element
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->count; i++) {
+				Toy_Literal literal =  Toy_copyLiteral(TOY_AS_ARRAY(original)->literals[i]);
+				Toy_pushLiteralArray(array, literal);
+				Toy_freeLiteral(literal);
+			}
+
+			Toy_Literal ret = TOY_TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(array);
+			ret.type = TOY_LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE;
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE: //caries a compiler
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_HOOK:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_INDEX_BLANK:
+			//no copying possible
+			return original;
+
+		default:
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Can't copy that literal type: %d\n" TOY_CC_RESET, original.type);
+			return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+}
+
+bool Toy_literalsAreEqual(Toy_Literal lhs, Toy_Literal rhs) {
+	//utility for other things
+	if (lhs.type != rhs.type) {
+		// ints and floats are compatible
+		if ((TOY_IS_INTEGER(lhs) || TOY_IS_FLOAT(lhs)) && (TOY_IS_INTEGER(rhs) || TOY_IS_FLOAT(rhs))) {
+			if (TOY_IS_INTEGER(lhs)) {
+				return TOY_AS_INTEGER(lhs) == TOY_AS_FLOAT(rhs);
+			}
+			else {
+				return TOY_AS_FLOAT(lhs) == TOY_AS_INTEGER(rhs);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	switch(lhs.type) {
+		case TOY_LITERAL_NULL:
+			return true; //can only be true because of the check above
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
+			return TOY_AS_BOOLEAN(lhs) == TOY_AS_BOOLEAN(rhs);
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER:
+			return TOY_AS_INTEGER(lhs) == TOY_AS_INTEGER(rhs);
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT:
+			return TOY_AS_FLOAT(lhs) == TOY_AS_FLOAT(rhs);
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_STRING:
+			return Toy_equalsRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(lhs), TOY_AS_STRING(rhs));
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY_INTERMEDIATE:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE: //BUGFIX
+		case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE: //BUGFIX: used for storing types as an array
+			//mismatched sizes
+			if (TOY_AS_ARRAY(lhs)->count != TOY_AS_ARRAY(rhs)->count) {
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			//mismatched elements (in order)
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_ARRAY(lhs)->count; i++) {
+				if (!Toy_literalsAreEqual( TOY_AS_ARRAY(lhs)->literals[i], TOY_AS_ARRAY(rhs)->literals[i] )) {
+					return false;
+				}
+			}
+			return true;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY:
+			//relatively slow, especially when nested
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->capacity; i++) {
+				if (!TOY_IS_NULL(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].key)) { //only compare non-null keys
+					//check it exists in rhs
+					if (!Toy_existsLiteralDictionary(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(rhs), TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].key)) {
+						return false;
+					}
+
+					//compare the values
+					Toy_Literal val = Toy_getLiteralDictionary(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(rhs), TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].key); //TODO: could be more efficient
+					if (!Toy_literalsAreEqual(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lhs)->entries[i].value, val)) {
+						Toy_freeLiteral(val);
+						return false;
+					}
+					Toy_freeLiteral(val);
+				}
+			}
+
+			return true;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_HOOK:
+			return false; //functions are never equal
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER:
+			//check shortcuts
+			if (TOY_HASH_I(lhs) != TOY_HASH_I(rhs)) {
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			return Toy_equalsRefString(TOY_AS_IDENTIFIER(lhs), TOY_AS_IDENTIFIER(rhs));
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE:
+			//check types
+			if (TOY_AS_TYPE(lhs).typeOf != TOY_AS_TYPE(rhs).typeOf) {
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			//const don't match
+			if (TOY_AS_TYPE(lhs).constant != TOY_AS_TYPE(rhs).constant) {
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			//check subtypes
+			if (TOY_AS_TYPE(lhs).count != TOY_AS_TYPE(rhs).count) {
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			//check array|dictionary signatures are the same (in order)
+			if (TOY_AS_TYPE(lhs).typeOf == TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY || TOY_AS_TYPE(lhs).typeOf == TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY) {
+				for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_TYPE(lhs).count; i++) {
+					if (!Toy_literalsAreEqual(((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(lhs).subtypes))[i], ((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(rhs).subtypes))[i])) {
+						return false;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			return true;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE:
+			return false; //IDK what this is!
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ANY:
+			return true;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE:
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Can't compare intermediate functions\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+			return false;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_INDEX_BLANK:
+			return false;
+
+		default:
+			//should never be seen
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in equality: %d\n" TOY_CC_RESET, lhs.type);
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+int Toy_hashLiteral(Toy_Literal lit) {
+	switch(lit.type) {
+		case TOY_LITERAL_NULL:
+			return 0;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
+			return TOY_AS_BOOLEAN(lit) ? 1 : 0;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER:
+			return hashUInt((unsigned int)TOY_AS_INTEGER(lit));
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT:
+			return hashUInt(*(unsigned int*)(&TOY_AS_FLOAT(lit)));
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_STRING:
+			return hashString(Toy_toCString(TOY_AS_STRING(lit)), Toy_lengthRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(lit)));
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY: {
+			unsigned int res = 0;
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_ARRAY(lit)->count; i++) {
+				res += Toy_hashLiteral(TOY_AS_ARRAY(lit)->literals[i]);
+			}
+			return hashUInt(res);
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY: {
+			unsigned int res = 0;
+			for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->capacity; i++) {
+				if (!TOY_IS_NULL(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->entries[i].key)) { //only hash non-null keys
+					res += Toy_hashLiteral(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->entries[i].key);
+					res += Toy_hashLiteral(TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(lit)->entries[i].value);
+				}
+			}
+			return hashUInt(res);
+		}
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_HOOK:
+			return -1; //can't hash these
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER:
+			return TOY_HASH_I(lit); //pre-computed
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE:
+			return -1; //not much i can really do
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ANY:
+			return -1;
+
+		default:
+			//should never be seen
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in hash: %d\n" TOY_CC_RESET, lit.type);
+			return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+//utils
+static void stdoutWrapper(const char* output) {
+	printf("%s", output);
+}
+
+//buffer the prints
+static char* globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
+static size_t globalPrintCapacity = 0;
+static size_t globalPrintCount = 0;
+
+//BUGFIX: string quotes shouldn't show when just printing strings, but should show when printing them as members of something else
+static char quotes = 0; //set to 0 to not show string quotes
+
+static void printToBuffer(const char* str) {
+	while (strlen(str) + globalPrintCount + 1 > globalPrintCapacity) {
+		int oldCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
+
+		globalPrintCapacity = TOY_GROW_CAPACITY(globalPrintCapacity);
+		globalPrintBuffer = TOY_GROW_ARRAY(char, globalPrintBuffer, oldCapacity, globalPrintCapacity);
+	}
+
+	snprintf(globalPrintBuffer + globalPrintCount, strlen(str) + 1, "%s", str);
+	globalPrintCount += strlen(str);
+}
+
+//exposed functions
+void Toy_printLiteral(Toy_Literal literal) {
+	Toy_printLiteralCustom(literal, stdoutWrapper);
+}
+
+void Toy_printLiteralCustom(Toy_Literal literal, Toy_PrintFn printFn) {
+	switch(literal.type) {
+		case TOY_LITERAL_NULL:
+			printFn("null");
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
+			printFn(TOY_AS_BOOLEAN(literal) ? "true" : "false");
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER: {
+			char buffer[256];
+			snprintf(buffer, 256, "%d", TOY_AS_INTEGER(literal));
+			printFn(buffer);
+		}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT: {
+			char buffer[256];
+
+			if (TOY_AS_FLOAT(literal) - (int)TOY_AS_FLOAT(literal)) {
+				snprintf(buffer, 256, "%g", TOY_AS_FLOAT(literal));
+			}
+			else {
+				snprintf(buffer, 256, "%.1f", TOY_AS_FLOAT(literal));
+			}
+
+			printFn(buffer);
+		}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_STRING: {
+			char buffer[TOY_MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
+			if (!quotes) {
+				snprintf(buffer, TOY_MAX_STRING_LENGTH, "%.*s", (int)Toy_lengthRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(literal)), Toy_toCString(TOY_AS_STRING(literal)));
+			}
+			else {
+				snprintf(buffer, TOY_MAX_STRING_LENGTH, "%c%.*s%c", quotes, (int)Toy_lengthRefString(TOY_AS_STRING(literal)), Toy_toCString(TOY_AS_STRING(literal)), quotes);
+			}
+			printFn(buffer);
+		}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY: {
+			Toy_LiteralArray* ptr = TOY_AS_ARRAY(literal);
+
+			//hold potential parent-call buffers on the C stack
+			char* cacheBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
+			globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
+			int cacheCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
+			globalPrintCapacity = 0;
+			int cacheCount = globalPrintCount;
+			globalPrintCount = 0;
+
+			//print the contents to the global buffer
+			printToBuffer("[");
+			for (int i = 0; i < ptr->count; i++) {
+				quotes = '"';
+				Toy_printLiteralCustom(ptr->literals[i], printToBuffer);
+
+				if (i + 1 < ptr->count) {
+					printToBuffer(",");
+				}
+			}
+			printToBuffer("]");
+
+			//swap the parent-call buffer back into place
+			char* printBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
+			int printCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
+			int printCount = globalPrintCount;
+
+			globalPrintBuffer = cacheBuffer;
+			globalPrintCapacity = cacheCapacity;
+			globalPrintCount = cacheCount;
+
+			//finally, output and cleanup
+			printFn(printBuffer);
+			TOY_FREE_ARRAY(char, printBuffer, printCapacity);
+			quotes = 0;
+		}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY: {
+			Toy_LiteralDictionary* ptr = TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(literal);
+
+			//hold potential parent-call buffers on the C stack
+			char* cacheBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
+			globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
+			int cacheCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
+			globalPrintCapacity = 0;
+			int cacheCount = globalPrintCount;
+			globalPrintCount = 0;
+
+			//print the contents to the global buffer
+			int delimCount = 0;
+			printToBuffer("[");
+			for (int i = 0; i < ptr->capacity; i++) {
+				if (TOY_IS_NULL(ptr->entries[i].key)) {
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				if (delimCount++ > 0) {
+					printToBuffer(",");
+				}
+
+				quotes = '"';
+				Toy_printLiteralCustom(ptr->entries[i].key, printToBuffer);
+				printToBuffer(":");
+				quotes = '"';
+				Toy_printLiteralCustom(ptr->entries[i].value, printToBuffer);
+			}
+
+			//empty dicts MUST have a ":" printed
+			if (ptr->count == 0) {
+				printToBuffer(":");
+			}
+
+			printToBuffer("]");
+
+			//swap the parent-call buffer back into place
+			char* printBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
+			int printCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
+			int printCount = globalPrintCount;
+
+			globalPrintBuffer = cacheBuffer;
+			globalPrintCapacity = cacheCapacity;
+			globalPrintCount = cacheCount;
+
+			//finally, output and cleanup
+			printFn(printBuffer);
+			TOY_FREE_ARRAY(char, printBuffer, printCapacity);
+			quotes = 0;
+		}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_HOOK:
+			printFn("(function)");
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER: {
+			char buffer[256];
+			snprintf(buffer, 256, "%.*s", (int)Toy_lengthRefString(TOY_AS_IDENTIFIER(literal)), Toy_toCString(TOY_AS_IDENTIFIER(literal)));
+			printFn(buffer);
+		}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE: {
+			//hold potential parent-call buffers on the C stack
+			char* cacheBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
+			globalPrintBuffer = NULL;
+			int cacheCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
+			globalPrintCapacity = 0;
+			int cacheCount = globalPrintCount;
+			globalPrintCount = 0;
+
+			//print the type correctly
+			printToBuffer("<");
+
+			switch(TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).typeOf) {
+				case TOY_LITERAL_NULL:
+					printToBuffer("null");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN:
+					printToBuffer("bool");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER:
+					printToBuffer("int");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT:
+					printToBuffer("float");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_STRING:
+					printToBuffer("string");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY:
+					//print all in the array
+					printToBuffer("[");
+					for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).count; i++) {
+						Toy_printLiteralCustom(((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i], printToBuffer);
+					}
+					printToBuffer("]");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY:
+					printToBuffer("[");
+
+					for (int i = 0; i < TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).count; i += 2) {
+						Toy_printLiteralCustom(((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i], printToBuffer);
+						printToBuffer(":");
+						Toy_printLiteralCustom(((Toy_Literal*)(TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).subtypes))[i + 1], printToBuffer);
+					}
+					printToBuffer("]");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION:
+					printToBuffer("function");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE:
+					printToBuffer("native");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER:
+					printToBuffer("identifier");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE:
+					printToBuffer("type");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE:
+					printToBuffer("opaque");
+				break;
+
+				case TOY_LITERAL_ANY:
+					printToBuffer("any");
+				break;
+
+				default:
+					//should never be seen
+					fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in print type: %d\n" TOY_CC_RESET, TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).typeOf);
+			}
+
+			//const (printed last)
+			if (TOY_AS_TYPE(literal).constant) {
+				printToBuffer(" const");
+			}
+
+			printToBuffer(">");
+
+			//swap the parent-call buffer back into place
+			char* printBuffer = globalPrintBuffer;
+			int printCapacity = globalPrintCapacity;
+			int printCount = globalPrintCount;
+
+			globalPrintBuffer = cacheBuffer;
+			globalPrintCapacity = cacheCapacity;
+			globalPrintCount = cacheCount;
+
+			//finally, output and cleanup
+			printFn(printBuffer);
+			TOY_FREE_ARRAY(char, printBuffer, printCapacity);
+			quotes = 0;
+		}
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE:
+		case TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE:
+			printFn("Unprintable literal found");
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE:
+			printFn("(opaque)");
+		break;
+
+		case TOY_LITERAL_ANY:
+			printFn("(any)");
+		break;
+
+		default:
+			//should never be seen
+			fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Unrecognized literal type in print: %d\n" TOY_CC_RESET, literal.type);
+	}
+}

source/toy_literal.h

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+
+#include "toy_refstring.h"
+#include "toy_reffunction.h"
+
+//forward delcare stuff
+struct Toy_Literal;
+struct Toy_Interpreter;
+struct Toy_LiteralArray;
+struct Toy_LiteralDictionary;
+struct Toy_Scope;
+typedef int (*Toy_NativeFn)(struct Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, struct Toy_LiteralArray* arguments);
+typedef int (*Toy_HookFn)(struct Toy_Interpreter* interpreter, struct Toy_Literal identifier, struct Toy_Literal alias);
+typedef void (*Toy_PrintFn)(const char*);
+
+typedef enum {
+	TOY_LITERAL_NULL,
+	TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN,
+	TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER,
+	TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT,
+	TOY_LITERAL_STRING,
+	TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY,
+	TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY,
+	TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION,
+	TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER,
+	TOY_LITERAL_TYPE,
+	TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE,
+	TOY_LITERAL_ANY,
+
+	//these are meta-level types - not for general use
+	TOY_LITERAL_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE, //used to process types in the compiler only
+	TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY_INTERMEDIATE, //used to process arrays in the compiler only
+	TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY_INTERMEDIATE, //used to process dictionaries in the compiler only
+	TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_INTERMEDIATE, //used to process functions in the compiler only
+	TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_ARG_REST, //used to process function rest parameters only
+	TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE, //for handling native functions only
+	TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_HOOK, //for handling hook functions within literals only
+	TOY_LITERAL_INDEX_BLANK, //for blank indexing i.e. arr[:]
+} Toy_LiteralType;
+
+typedef struct Toy_Literal {
+	union {
+		bool boolean; //1
+		int integer; //4
+		float number;//4
+
+		struct {
+			Toy_RefString* ptr; //8
+			//string hash?
+		} string; //8
+
+		struct Toy_LiteralArray* array; //8
+		struct Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary; //8
+
+		struct {
+			union {
+				Toy_RefFunction* ptr;  //8
+				Toy_NativeFn native; //8
+				Toy_HookFn hook; //8
+			} inner;  //8
+			struct Toy_Scope* scope; //8
+		} function; //16
+
+		struct { //for variable names
+			Toy_RefString* ptr;  //8
+			int hash; //4
+		} identifier; //16
+
+		struct {
+			struct Toy_Literal* subtypes; //8
+			Toy_LiteralType typeOf;  //4
+			unsigned char capacity; //1
+			unsigned char count; //1
+			bool constant; //1
+		} type; //16
+
+		struct {
+			void* ptr; //8
+			int tag; //4
+		} opaque; //16
+
+		void* generic; //8
+	} as; //16
+
+	Toy_LiteralType type; //4
+	//4 - unused
+	//shenanigans with byte alignment reduces the size of Toy_Literal
+} Toy_Literal;
+
+#define TOY_IS_NULL(value)						((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_NULL)
+#define TOY_IS_BOOLEAN(value)					((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN)
+#define TOY_IS_INTEGER(value)					((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER)
+#define TOY_IS_FLOAT(value)						((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT)
+#define TOY_IS_STRING(value)					((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_STRING)
+#define TOY_IS_ARRAY(value)						((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY)
+#define TOY_IS_DICTIONARY(value)				((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY)
+#define TOY_IS_FUNCTION(value)					((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION)
+#define TOY_IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(value)			((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE)
+#define TOY_IS_FUNCTION_HOOK(value)				((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_HOOK)
+#define TOY_IS_IDENTIFIER(value)				((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_IDENTIFIER)
+#define TOY_IS_TYPE(value)						((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_TYPE)
+#define TOY_IS_OPAQUE(value)					((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE)
+
+#define TOY_AS_BOOLEAN(value)					((value).as.boolean)
+#define TOY_AS_INTEGER(value)					((value).as.integer)
+#define TOY_AS_FLOAT(value)						((value).as.number)
+#define TOY_AS_STRING(value)					((value).as.string.ptr)
+#define TOY_AS_ARRAY(value)						((Toy_LiteralArray*)((value).as.array))
+#define TOY_AS_DICTIONARY(value)				((Toy_LiteralDictionary*)((value).as.dictionary))
+#define TOY_AS_FUNCTION(value)					((value).as.function)
+#define TOY_AS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(value)			((value).as.function.inner.native)
+#define TOY_AS_FUNCTION_HOOK(value)				((value).as.function.inner.hook)
+#define TOY_AS_IDENTIFIER(value)				((value).as.identifier.ptr)
+#define TOY_AS_TYPE(value)						((value).as.type)
+#define TOY_AS_OPAQUE(value)					((value).as.opaque.ptr)
+
+#define TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL						((Toy_Literal){{ .integer = 0 }, TOY_LITERAL_NULL})
+#define TOY_TO_BOOLEAN_LITERAL(value)			((Toy_Literal){{ .boolean = value }, TOY_LITERAL_BOOLEAN})
+#define TOY_TO_INTEGER_LITERAL(value)			((Toy_Literal){{ .integer = value }, TOY_LITERAL_INTEGER})
+#define TOY_TO_FLOAT_LITERAL(value)				((Toy_Literal){{ .number = value }, TOY_LITERAL_FLOAT})
+#define TOY_TO_STRING_LITERAL(value)			((Toy_Literal){{ .string = { .ptr = value }},TOY_LITERAL_STRING})
+#define TOY_TO_ARRAY_LITERAL(value)				((Toy_Literal){{ .array = value }, TOY_LITERAL_ARRAY})
+#define TOY_TO_DICTIONARY_LITERAL(value)		((Toy_Literal){{ .dictionary = value }, TOY_LITERAL_DICTIONARY})
+#define TOY_TO_FUNCTION_LITERAL(value)			((Toy_Literal){{ .function = { .inner = { .ptr = value }, .scope = NULL }}, TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION})
+#define TOY_TO_FUNCTION_NATIVE_LITERAL(value)	((Toy_Literal){{ .function = { .inner = { .native = value }, .scope = NULL }}, TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_NATIVE})
+#define TOY_TO_FUNCTION_HOOK_LITERAL(value)		((Toy_Literal){{ .function = { .inner = { .hook = value }, .scope = NULL }}, TOY_LITERAL_FUNCTION_HOOK})
+#define TOY_TO_IDENTIFIER_LITERAL(value)		Toy_private_toIdentifierLiteral(value)
+#define TOY_TO_TYPE_LITERAL(value, c)			((Toy_Literal){{ .type = { .typeOf = value, .constant = c, .subtypes = NULL, .capacity = 0, .count = 0 }}, TOY_LITERAL_TYPE})
+#define TOY_TO_OPAQUE_LITERAL(value, t)			((Toy_Literal){{ .opaque = { .ptr = value, .tag = t }}, TOY_LITERAL_OPAQUE})
+
+//BUGFIX: For blank indexing
+#define TOY_IS_INDEX_BLANK(value)				((value).type == TOY_LITERAL_INDEX_BLANK)
+#define TOY_TO_INDEX_BLANK_LITERAL				((Toy_Literal){{ .integer = 0 }, TOY_LITERAL_INDEX_BLANK})
+
+TOY_API void Toy_freeLiteral(Toy_Literal literal);
+
+#define TOY_IS_TRUTHY(x) Toy_private_isTruthy(x)
+
+#define TOY_AS_FUNCTION_BYTECODE_LENGTH(lit)	(Toy_lengthRefFunction((lit).inner.ptr))
+
+#define TOY_MAX_STRING_LENGTH					4096
+#define TOY_HASH_I(lit)							((lit).as.identifier.hash)
+#define TOY_TYPE_PUSH_SUBTYPE(lit, subtype)		Toy_private_typePushSubtype(lit, subtype)
+#define TOY_GET_OPAQUE_TAG(o)					o.as.opaque.tag
+
+//BUGFIX: macros are not functions
+TOY_API bool Toy_private_isTruthy(Toy_Literal x);
+TOY_API Toy_Literal Toy_private_toIdentifierLiteral(Toy_RefString* ptr);
+TOY_API Toy_Literal* Toy_private_typePushSubtype(Toy_Literal* lit, Toy_Literal subtype);
+
+//utils
+TOY_API Toy_Literal Toy_copyLiteral(Toy_Literal original);
+TOY_API bool Toy_literalsAreEqual(Toy_Literal lhs, Toy_Literal rhs);
+TOY_API int Toy_hashLiteral(Toy_Literal lit);
+
+//not thread-safe
+TOY_API void Toy_printLiteral(Toy_Literal literal);
+TOY_API void Toy_printLiteralCustom(Toy_Literal literal, Toy_PrintFn);

source/toy_literal_array.c

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#include "toy_literal_array.h"
+
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+//exposed functions
+void Toy_initLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array) {
+	array->capacity = 0;
+	array->count = 0;
+	array->literals = NULL;
+}
+
+void Toy_freeLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array) {
+	//clean up memory
+	for(int i = 0; i < array->count; i++) {
+		Toy_freeLiteral(array->literals[i]);
+	}
+
+	if (array->capacity > 0) {
+		TOY_FREE_ARRAY(Toy_Literal, array->literals, array->capacity);
+		Toy_initLiteralArray(array);
+	}
+}
+
+int Toy_pushLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal literal) {
+	if (array->capacity < array->count + 1) {
+		int oldCapacity = array->capacity;
+
+		array->capacity = TOY_GROW_CAPACITY(oldCapacity);
+		array->literals = TOY_GROW_ARRAY(Toy_Literal, array->literals, oldCapacity, array->capacity);
+	}
+
+	array->literals[array->count] = Toy_copyLiteral(literal);
+	return array->count++;
+}
+
+Toy_Literal Toy_popLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array) {
+	if (array->count <= 0) {
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	//get the return
+	Toy_Literal ret = array->literals[array->count-1];
+
+	//null the existing data
+	array->literals[array->count-1] = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+
+	array->count--;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+//find a literal in the array that matches the "literal" argument
+int Toy_findLiteralIndex(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal literal) {
+	for (int i = 0; i < array->count; i++) {
+		//not the same type
+		if (array->literals[i].type != literal.type) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		//types match?
+		if (Toy_literalsAreEqual(array->literals[i], literal)) {
+			return i;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+bool Toy_setLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal index, Toy_Literal value) {
+	if (!TOY_IS_INTEGER(index)) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	int idx = TOY_AS_INTEGER(index);
+
+	if (idx < 0 || idx >= array->count) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(array->literals[idx]);
+	array->literals[idx] = Toy_copyLiteral(value);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+Toy_Literal Toy_getLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal index) {
+	if (!TOY_IS_INTEGER(index)) {
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	int idx = TOY_AS_INTEGER(index);
+
+	if (idx < 0 || idx >= array->count) {
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	return Toy_copyLiteral(array->literals[idx]);
+}

source/toy_literal_array.h

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+
+#include "toy_literal.h"
+
+typedef struct Toy_LiteralArray {
+	Toy_Literal* literals;
+	int capacity;
+	int count;
+} Toy_LiteralArray;
+
+TOY_API void Toy_initLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array);
+TOY_API void Toy_freeLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array);
+TOY_API int Toy_pushLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal literal);
+TOY_API Toy_Literal Toy_popLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array);
+TOY_API bool Toy_setLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal index, Toy_Literal value);
+TOY_API Toy_Literal Toy_getLiteralArray(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal index);
+
+int Toy_findLiteralIndex(Toy_LiteralArray* array, Toy_Literal literal);
+
+//TODO: add a function to get the capacity & count

source/toy_literal_dictionary.c

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+#include "toy_literal_dictionary.h"
+
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+
+#include "toy_console_colors.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+//util functions
+static void setEntryValues(Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry, Toy_Literal key, Toy_Literal value) {
+	//much simpler now
+	Toy_freeLiteral(entry->key);
+	entry->key = Toy_copyLiteral(key);
+
+	Toy_freeLiteral(entry->value);
+	entry->value = Toy_copyLiteral(value);
+}
+
+static Toy_private_dictionary_entry* getEntryArray(Toy_private_dictionary_entry* array, int capacity, Toy_Literal key, unsigned int hash, bool mustExist) {
+	if (!capacity) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	//find "key", starting at index
+	int index = hash % capacity;
+	int start = index;
+
+	//increment once, so it can't equal start
+	if (++index >= capacity) {
+		index = 0;
+	}
+
+	//literal probing and collision checking
+	while (index != start) { //WARNING: this is the only function allowed to retrieve an entry from the array
+		Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry = &array[index];
+
+		if (TOY_IS_NULL(entry->key)) { //if key is empty, it's either empty or tombstone
+			if (TOY_IS_NULL(entry->value) && !mustExist) {
+				//found a truly empty bucket
+				return entry;
+			}
+			//else it's a tombstone - ignore
+		} else {
+			if (Toy_literalsAreEqual(key, entry->key)) {
+				return entry;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (++index >= capacity) {
+			index = 0;
+		}
+		//index = (index + 1) % capacity;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void adjustEntryCapacity(Toy_private_dictionary_entry** dictionaryHandle, int oldCapacity, int capacity) {
+	//new entry space
+	Toy_private_dictionary_entry* newEntries = TOY_ALLOCATE(Toy_private_dictionary_entry, capacity);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
+		newEntries[i].key = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+		newEntries[i].value = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	//move the old array into the new one
+	for (int i = 0; i < oldCapacity; i++) {
+		if (TOY_IS_NULL((*dictionaryHandle)[i].key)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		//place the key and value in the new array (reusing string memory)
+		Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry = getEntryArray(newEntries, capacity, TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL, Toy_hashLiteral((*dictionaryHandle)[i].key), false);
+
+		entry->key = (*dictionaryHandle)[i].key;
+		entry->value = (*dictionaryHandle)[i].value;
+	}
+
+	//clear the old array
+	if (oldCapacity > 0) {
+		TOY_FREE_ARRAY(Toy_private_dictionary_entry, *dictionaryHandle, oldCapacity);
+	}
+
+	*dictionaryHandle = newEntries;
+}
+
+static bool setEntryArray(Toy_private_dictionary_entry** dictionaryHandle, int* capacityPtr, int contains, Toy_Literal key, Toy_Literal value, int hash) {
+	//expand array if needed
+	if (contains + 1 > *capacityPtr * TOY_DICTIONARY_MAX_LOAD) {
+		int oldCapacity = *capacityPtr;
+		*capacityPtr = TOY_GROW_CAPACITY(*capacityPtr);
+		adjustEntryCapacity(dictionaryHandle, oldCapacity, *capacityPtr); //custom rather than automatic reallocation
+	}
+
+	Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry = getEntryArray(*dictionaryHandle, *capacityPtr, key, hash, false);
+
+	//true = contains increase
+	if (TOY_IS_NULL(entry->key)) {
+		setEntryValues(entry, key, value);
+		return true;
+	}
+	else {
+		setEntryValues(entry, key, value);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void freeEntry(Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry) {
+	Toy_freeLiteral(entry->key);
+	Toy_freeLiteral(entry->value);
+	entry->key = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	entry->value = TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+}
+
+static void freeEntryArray(Toy_private_dictionary_entry* array, int capacity) {
+	if (array == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
+		if (!TOY_IS_NULL(array[i].key)) {
+			freeEntry(&array[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	TOY_FREE_ARRAY(Toy_private_dictionary_entry, array, capacity);
+}
+
+//exposed functions
+void Toy_initLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary) {
+	//HACK: because modulo by 0 is undefined, set the capacity to a non-zero value (and allocate the arrays)
+	dictionary->entries = NULL;
+	dictionary->capacity = 0;
+	dictionary->contains = 0;
+	dictionary->count = 0;
+	dictionary->capacity = 0;
+}
+
+void Toy_freeLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary) {
+	if (dictionary->capacity > 0) {
+		freeEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity);
+		dictionary->capacity = 0;
+		dictionary->contains = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void Toy_setLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key, Toy_Literal value) {
+	if (TOY_IS_NULL(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have null keys (set)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	//BUGFIX: Can't hash a function
+	if (TOY_IS_FUNCTION(key) || TOY_IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(key) || TOY_IS_FUNCTION_HOOK(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have function keys (set)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_OPAQUE(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have opaque keys (set)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	const int increment = setEntryArray(&dictionary->entries, &dictionary->capacity, dictionary->contains, key, value, Toy_hashLiteral(key));
+
+	if (increment) {
+		dictionary->contains++;
+		dictionary->count++;
+	}
+}
+
+Toy_Literal Toy_getLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key) {
+	if (TOY_IS_NULL(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have null keys (get)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	//BUGFIX: Can't hash a function
+	if (TOY_IS_FUNCTION(key) || TOY_IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(key) || TOY_IS_FUNCTION_HOOK(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have function keys (get)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_OPAQUE(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have opaque keys (get)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+
+	Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry = getEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity, key, Toy_hashLiteral(key), true);
+
+	if (entry != NULL) {
+		return Toy_copyLiteral(entry->value);
+	}
+	else {
+		return TOY_TO_NULL_LITERAL;
+	}
+}
+
+void Toy_removeLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key) {
+	if (TOY_IS_NULL(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have null keys (remove)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	//BUGFIX: Can't hash a function
+	if (TOY_IS_FUNCTION(key) || TOY_IS_FUNCTION_NATIVE(key) || TOY_IS_FUNCTION_HOOK(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have function keys (remove)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (TOY_IS_OPAQUE(key)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "Dictionaries can't have opaque keys (remove)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry = getEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity, key, Toy_hashLiteral(key), true);
+
+	if (entry != NULL) {
+		freeEntry(entry);
+		entry->value = TOY_TO_BOOLEAN_LITERAL(true); //tombstone
+		dictionary->count--;
+	}
+}
+
+bool Toy_existsLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key) {
+	//null & not tombstoned
+	Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entry = getEntryArray(dictionary->entries, dictionary->capacity, key, Toy_hashLiteral(key), false);
+	return entry != NULL && !(TOY_IS_NULL(entry->key) && TOY_IS_NULL(entry->value));
+}

source/toy_literal_dictionary.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+
+#include "toy_literal.h"
+
+//TODO: benchmark this
+#define TOY_DICTIONARY_MAX_LOAD 0.75
+
+typedef struct Toy_private_dictionary_entry {
+	Toy_Literal key;
+	Toy_Literal value;
+} Toy_private_dictionary_entry;
+
+typedef struct Toy_LiteralDictionary {
+	Toy_private_dictionary_entry* entries;
+	int capacity;
+	int count;
+	int contains; //count + tombstones, for internal use
+} Toy_LiteralDictionary;
+
+TOY_API void Toy_initLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary);
+TOY_API void Toy_freeLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary);
+
+TOY_API void Toy_setLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key, Toy_Literal value);
+TOY_API Toy_Literal Toy_getLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key);
+TOY_API void Toy_removeLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key);
+
+TOY_API bool Toy_existsLiteralDictionary(Toy_LiteralDictionary* dictionary, Toy_Literal key);

source/toy_memory.c

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "toy_memory.h"
+#include "toy_refstring.h"
+
+#include "toy_console_colors.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+//default allocator
+void* Toy_private_defaultMemoryAllocator(void* pointer, size_t oldSize, size_t newSize) {
+	//causes issues, so just skip out with a NO-OP (DISABLED for performance reasons)
+	// if (newSize == 0 && oldSize == 0) {
+	// 	return NULL;
+	// }
+
+	if (newSize == 0) {
+		free(pointer);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	void* mem = realloc(pointer, newSize);
+
+	if (mem == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Memory allocation error (requested %zu, replacing %zu)\n" TOY_CC_RESET, newSize, oldSize);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return mem;
+}
+
+//static variables
+static Toy_MemoryAllocatorFn allocator = Toy_private_defaultMemoryAllocator;
+
+//exposed API
+void* Toy_reallocate(void* pointer, size_t oldSize, size_t newSize) {
+	return allocator(pointer, oldSize, newSize);
+}
+
+void Toy_setMemoryAllocator(Toy_MemoryAllocatorFn fn) {
+	if (fn == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Memory allocator error (can't be null)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		exit(-1);
+	}
+
+	if (fn == Toy_reallocate) {
+		fprintf(stderr, TOY_CC_ERROR "[internal] Memory allocator error (can't loop the Toy_reallocate function)\n" TOY_CC_RESET);
+		exit(-1);
+	}
+
+	allocator = fn;
+	Toy_setRefStringAllocatorFn(fn);
+}

source/toy_memory.h

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "toy_common.h"
+
+#define TOY_GROW_CAPACITY(capacity) 						((capacity) < 8 ? 8 : (capacity) * 2)
+#define TOY_GROW_CAPACITY_FAST(capacity)					((capacity) < 32 ? 32 : (capacity) * 2)
+
+#define TOY_ALLOCATE(type, count)							((type*)Toy_reallocate(NULL, 0, sizeof(type) * (count)))
+
+#define TOY_FREE(type, pointer)								Toy_reallocate(pointer, sizeof(type), 0)
+#define TOY_FREE_ARRAY(type, pointer, oldCount)				Toy_reallocate((type*)pointer, sizeof(type) * (oldCount), 0)
+
+#define TOY_GROW_ARRAY(type, pointer, oldCount, count)		(type*)Toy_reallocate((type*)pointer, sizeof(type) * (oldCount), sizeof(type) * (count))
+#define TOY_SHRINK_ARRAY(type, pointer, oldCount, count)	(type*)Toy_reallocate((type*)pointer, sizeof(type) * (oldCount), sizeof(type) * (count))
+
+//implementation details
+TOY_API void* Toy_reallocate(void* pointer, size_t oldSize, size_t newSize);
+
+//assign the memory allocator
+typedef void* (*Toy_MemoryAllocatorFn)(void* pointer, size_t oldSize, size_t newSize);
+TOY_API void Toy_setMemoryAllocator(Toy_MemoryAllocatorFn);

source/toy_opcodes.h

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#pragma once
+
+typedef enum Toy_Opcode {
+	TOY_OP_EOF,
+
+	//do nothing
+	TOY_OP_PASS,
+
+	//basic statements
+	TOY_OP_ASSERT,
+	TOY_OP_PRINT,
+
+	//data
+	TOY_OP_LITERAL,
+	TOY_OP_LITERAL_LONG, //for more than 256 literals in a chunk
+	TOY_OP_LITERAL_RAW, //forcibly get the raw value of the literal
+
+	//arithmetic operators
+	TOY_OP_NEGATE,
+	TOY_OP_ADDITION,
+	TOY_OP_SUBTRACTION,
+	TOY_OP_MULTIPLICATION,
+	TOY_OP_DIVISION,
+	TOY_OP_MODULO,
+	TOY_OP_GROUPING_BEGIN,
+	TOY_OP_GROUPING_END,
+
+	//variable stuff
+	TOY_OP_SCOPE_BEGIN,
+	TOY_OP_SCOPE_END,
+
+	TOY_OP_TYPE_DECL,		//declare a type to be used (as a literal)
+	TOY_OP_TYPE_DECL_LONG,	//declare a type to be used (as a long literal)
+
+	TOY_OP_VAR_DECL,		//declare a variable to be used (as a literal)
+	TOY_OP_VAR_DECL_LONG,	//declare a variable to be used (as a long literal)
+
+	TOY_OP_FN_DECL,			//declare a function to be used (as a literal)
+	TOY_OP_FN_DECL_LONG,	//declare a function to be used (as a long literal)
+
+	TOY_OP_VAR_ASSIGN,		//assign to a literal
+	TOY_OP_VAR_ADDITION_ASSIGN,
+	TOY_OP_VAR_SUBTRACTION_ASSIGN,
+	TOY_OP_VAR_MULTIPLICATION_ASSIGN,
+	TOY_OP_VAR_DIVISION_ASSIGN,
+	TOY_OP_VAR_MODULO_ASSIGN,
+
+	TOY_OP_TYPE_CAST,		//temporarily change a type of an atomic value
+	TOY_OP_TYPE_OF,			//get the type of a variable
+
+	TOY_OP_IMPORT,
+	TOY_OP_EXPORT_removed,
+
+	//for indexing
+	TOY_OP_INDEX,
+	TOY_OP_INDEX_ASSIGN,
+	TOY_OP_INDEX_ASSIGN_INTERMEDIATE,
+	TOY_OP_DOT,
+
+	//comparison of values
+	TOY_OP_COMPARE_EQUAL,
+	TOY_OP_COMPARE_NOT_EQUAL,
+	TOY_OP_COMPARE_LESS,
+	TOY_OP_COMPARE_LESS_EQUAL,
+	TOY_OP_COMPARE_GREATER,
+	TOY_OP_COMPARE_GREATER_EQUAL,
+	TOY_OP_INVERT, //for booleans
+
+	//logical operators
+	TOY_OP_AND,
+	TOY_OP_OR,
+
+	//jumps, and conditional jumps (absolute)
+	TOY_OP_JUMP,
+	TOY_OP_IF_FALSE_JUMP,
+	TOY_OP_FN_CALL,
+	TOY_OP_FN_RETURN,
+
+	//pop the stack at the end of a complex statement
+	TOY_OP_POP_STACK,
+
+	//ternary shorthand
+	TOY_OP_TERNARY,
+
+	//meta
+	TOY_OP_FN_END, //different from SECTION_END
+	TOY_OP_SECTION_END = 255,
+	//TODO: add more
+} Toy_Opcode;
+