Added the scenes as a template

src/scenes/application.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#include "application.hpp"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+void Application::Init(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+	//create and check the window
+	window = SDL_CreateWindow(
+		"Example Caption",
+		SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
+		SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
+		screenWidth,
+		screenHeight,
+		SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);
+
+	if (!window) {
+		std::ostringstream msg;
+		msg << "Failed to create the window: " << SDL_GetError();
+		throw(std::runtime_error(msg.str()));
+	}
+
+	//create and check the renderer
+	renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, 0);
+
+	if (!renderer) {
+		std::ostringstream msg;
+		msg << "Failed to create the renderer: " << SDL_GetError();
+		throw(std::runtime_error(msg.str()));
+	}
+
+	//screen scaling
+	SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_RENDER_SCALE_QUALITY, "best");
+	SDL_RenderSetLogicalSize(renderer, 800, 600);
+
+	//set the hook for the renderer
+	BaseScene::SetRenderer(renderer);
+}
+
+void Application::Proc() {
+	//load the first scene
+	ProcessSceneSignal(SceneSignal::FIRST);
+
+	//fixed frame rate
+	typedef std::chrono::steady_clock Clock;
+
+	Clock::time_point simTime = Clock::now();
+	Clock::time_point realTime;
+	constexpr std::chrono::duration<int, std::milli> frameDelay(16); //~60FPS
+
+	//the game loop continues until the scenes signal QUIT
+	while(activeScene->GetSceneSignal() != SceneSignal::QUIT) {
+		//switch scenes if necessary
+		if(activeScene->GetSceneSignal() != SceneSignal::CONTINUE) {
+			ProcessSceneSignal(activeScene->GetSceneSignal());
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		//update the current time
+		realTime = Clock::now();
+
+		//simulate the game or give the machine a break
+		if (simTime < realTime) {
+			while(simTime < realTime) {
+				//call the user defined functions
+				activeScene->FrameStart();
+				ProcessEvents();
+				activeScene->Update();
+				activeScene->FrameEnd();
+
+				//step to the next frame
+				simTime += frameDelay;
+			}
+		}
+		else {
+			SDL_Delay(1);
+		}
+
+		SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
+		activeScene->RenderFrame(renderer);
+		SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
+	}
+
+	//cleanup
+	ClearScene();
+}
+
+void Application::Quit() {
+	//clean up after the program
+	BaseScene::SetRenderer(nullptr);
+	SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
+	SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
+}
+
+//-------------------------
+//Scene management
+//-------------------------
+
+void Application::ProcessEvents() {
+	SDL_Event event;
+	while(SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
+		switch(event.type) {
+			case SDL_QUIT:
+				activeScene->QuitEvent();
+			break;
+
+			case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
+				activeScene->MouseMotion(event.motion);
+			break;
+
+			case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
+				activeScene->MouseButtonDown(event.button);
+			break;
+
+			case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP:
+				activeScene->MouseButtonUp(event.button);
+			break;
+
+			case SDL_MOUSEWHEEL:
+				activeScene->MouseWheel(event.wheel);
+			break;
+
+			case SDL_KEYDOWN:
+				activeScene->KeyDown(event.key);
+			break;
+
+			case SDL_KEYUP:
+				activeScene->KeyUp(event.key);
+			break;
+
+			//TODO: joystick and controller events
+
+			//window events are handled internally
+			case SDL_WINDOWEVENT:
+				switch(event.window.event) {
+					case SDL_WINDOWEVENT_RESIZED:
+						SDL_RenderSetLogicalSize(renderer, event.window.data1, event.window.data2);
+					break;
+				}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+//Add the custom scene headers here
+#include "example_scene.hpp"
+
+void Application::ProcessSceneSignal(SceneSignal signal) {
+	ClearScene();
+
+	switch(signal) {
+		case SceneSignal::FIRST:
+		case SceneSignal::EXAMPLE_SCENE:
+			activeScene = new ExampleScene();
+		break;
+		default: {
+			std::ostringstream msg;
+			msg << "Failed to recognize the scene signal: " << signal;
+			throw(std::logic_error(msg.str()));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void Application::ClearScene() {
+	delete activeScene;
+	activeScene = nullptr;
+}

src/scenes/application.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#pragma once
+
+#include "base_scene.hpp"
+#include "scene_signal.hpp"
+
+#include "SDL2/SDL.h"
+
+//TODO: do something with these
+constexpr int screenWidth = 800;
+constexpr int screenHeight = 600;
+
+//DOCS: The Application class handles scene switching, utilizing only one window
+class Application {
+public:
+	Application() = default;
+	~Application() = default;
+
+	void Init(int argc, char* argv[]);
+	void Proc();
+	void Quit();
+
+private:
+	//scene management
+	void ProcessEvents();
+	void ProcessSceneSignal(SceneSignal);
+	void ClearScene();
+
+	BaseScene* activeScene = nullptr;
+
+	//TODO: build a "window" class?
+	SDL_Window* window = nullptr;
+	SDL_Renderer* renderer = nullptr;
+};

src/scenes/base_scene.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#include "base_scene.hpp"
+
+SDL_Renderer* BaseScene::rendererHandle = nullptr;
+
+BaseScene::BaseScene() {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+BaseScene::~BaseScene() {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::RenderFrame(SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::SetRenderer(SDL_Renderer* r) {
+	rendererHandle = r;
+}
+
+SDL_Renderer* BaseScene::GetRenderer() {
+	return rendererHandle;
+}
+
+void BaseScene::SetSceneSignal(SceneSignal signal) {
+	sceneSignal = signal;
+}
+
+SceneSignal BaseScene::GetSceneSignal() {
+	return sceneSignal;
+}
+
+//-------------------------
+//frame phases
+//-------------------------
+
+void BaseScene::FrameStart() {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::Update() {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::FrameEnd() {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+//-------------------------
+//input events
+//-------------------------
+
+void BaseScene::QuitEvent() {
+	sceneSignal = SceneSignal::QUIT;
+}
+
+void BaseScene::MouseMotion(SDL_MouseMotionEvent const& event) {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::MouseButtonDown(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event) {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::MouseButtonUp(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event) {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::MouseWheel(SDL_MouseWheelEvent const& event) {
+	//EMPTY
+}
+
+void BaseScene::KeyDown(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event) {
+	//preference as a default
+	switch(event.keysym.sym) {
+		case SDLK_ESCAPE:
+			QuitEvent();
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+void BaseScene::KeyUp(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event) {
+	//EMPTY
+}

src/scenes/base_scene.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#pragma once
+
+#include "scene_signal.hpp"
+
+#include "SDL2/SDL.h"
+
+class BaseScene {
+public:
+	BaseScene();
+	virtual ~BaseScene();
+
+	virtual void RenderFrame(SDL_Renderer*);
+	static void SetRenderer(SDL_Renderer*);
+	SceneSignal GetSceneSignal();
+
+	//frame phases
+	virtual void FrameStart();
+	virtual void Update();
+	virtual void FrameEnd();
+
+	//input events
+	virtual void QuitEvent();
+	virtual void MouseMotion(SDL_MouseMotionEvent const& event);
+	virtual void MouseButtonDown(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event);
+	virtual void MouseButtonUp(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event);
+	virtual void MouseWheel(SDL_MouseWheelEvent const& event);
+	virtual void KeyDown(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event);
+	virtual void KeyUp(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event);
+
+	//TODO: joystick and controller events
+
+protected:
+	//control
+	static SDL_Renderer* GetRenderer();
+	void SetSceneSignal(SceneSignal);
+
+private:
+	static SDL_Renderer* rendererHandle;
+	SceneSignal sceneSignal = SceneSignal::CONTINUE;
+};

src/scenes/example_scene.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#include "example_scene.hpp"
+
+ExampleScene::ExampleScene() {
+	//
+}
+
+ExampleScene::~ExampleScene() {
+	//
+}
+
+//-------------------------
+//frame phases
+//-------------------------
+
+void ExampleScene::FrameStart() {
+	//
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::Update() {
+	//
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::FrameEnd() {
+	//
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::RenderFrame(SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
+	//
+}
+
+//-------------------------
+//input events
+//-------------------------
+
+void ExampleScene::MouseMotion(SDL_MouseMotionEvent const& event) {
+	//
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::MouseButtonDown(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event) {
+	//
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::MouseButtonUp(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event) {
+	//
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::MouseWheel(SDL_MouseWheelEvent const& event) {
+	//
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::KeyDown(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event) {
+	//preference as a default
+	switch(event.keysym.sym) {
+		case SDLK_ESCAPE:
+			QuitEvent();
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+void ExampleScene::KeyUp(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event) {
+	//
+}

src/scenes/example_scene.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#pragma once
+
+#include "base_scene.hpp"
+
+class ExampleScene : public BaseScene {
+public:
+	ExampleScene();
+	~ExampleScene();
+
+	void RenderFrame(SDL_Renderer* renderer) override;
+
+private:
+	//frame phases
+	void FrameStart() override;
+	void Update() override;
+	void FrameEnd() override;
+
+	//input events
+	void MouseMotion(SDL_MouseMotionEvent const& event) override;
+	void MouseButtonDown(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event) override;
+	void MouseButtonUp(SDL_MouseButtonEvent const& event) override;
+	void MouseWheel(SDL_MouseWheelEvent const& event) override;
+	void KeyDown(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event) override;
+	void KeyUp(SDL_KeyboardEvent const& event) override;
+};

src/scenes/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#include "application.hpp"
+
+#include "SDL2/SDL.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+	std::cout << "Beginning " << argv[0] << std::endl;
+	try {
+		Application app;
+		app.Init(argc, argv);
+		app.Proc();
+		app.Quit();
+	}
+	catch(std::exception& e) {
+		std::cerr << "Fatal Error: " << e.what() << std::endl;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	std::cout << "Clean exit from " << argv[0] << std::endl;
+	return 0;
+}

src/scenes/makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#include directories
+INCLUDES+=.
+
+#libraries
+#the order of the $(LIBS) is important, at least for MinGW
+LIBS+=
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	LIBS+=-lmingw32
+endif
+LIBS+=-lSDL2main -lSDL2
+
+#flags
+CXXFLAGS+=-std=c++11 $(addprefix -I,$(INCLUDES))
+ifeq ($(shell uname), Linux)
+	#read data about the current install
+	CXXFLAGS+=$(shell sdl-config --cflags --static-libs)
+endif
+
+#source
+CXXSRC=$(wildcard *.cpp)
+
+#objects
+OBJDIR=obj
+OBJ+=$(addprefix $(OBJDIR)/,$(CXXSRC:.cpp=.o))
+
+#output
+OUTDIR=out
+OUT=$(addprefix $(OUTDIR)/,scenes)
+
+#targets
+all: $(OBJ) $(OUT)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $(OUT) $(OBJ) $(LIBS)
+
+$(OBJ): | $(OBJDIR)
+
+$(OUT): | $(OUTDIR)
+
+$(OBJDIR):
+	mkdir $(OBJDIR)
+
+$(OUTDIR):
+	mkdir $(OUTDIR)
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.cpp
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
+
+clean:
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+	$(RM) *.o *.a *.exe
+else ifeq ($(shell uname), Linux)
+	find . -type f -name '*.o' -exec rm -f -r -v {} \;
+	find . -type f -name '*.a' -exec rm -f -r -v {} \;
+	rm -f -v $(OUT)
+endif
+
+rebuild: clean all

src/scenes/scene_signal.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/* Copyright: (c) Kayne Ruse 2015
+ * 
+ * This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
+ * warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
+ * arising from the use of this software.
+ * 
+ * Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
+ * including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
+ * freely, subject to the following restrictions:
+ * 
+ * 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
+ * claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
+ * in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
+ * appreciated but is not required.
+ * 
+ * 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
+ * misrepresented as being the original software.
+ * 
+ * 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
+ * distribution.
+*/
+#pragma once
+
+enum SceneSignal {
+	//reserved members for internal use
+	QUIT = -1,
+	CONTINUE = 0,
+	FIRST = 1,
+
+	//custom scenes
+	EXAMPLE_SCENE
+};