Added ternary operator, resolved #46

scripts/small.toy

@@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
-
+//test basic truth ternaries
 {
-	var t = astype [int];
-	var arr: t = [1, 2, 3.14];
+	assert true ? true : false, "Basic true ternary failed";
+	assert false ? false : true, "Basic false ternary failed";
 }
 
+
+//test nesting
 {
-	var t = astype [string:int];
-	var dict: t = ["one": 1, "two": 2, "pi": 3.14];
+	fn least(a, b, c) {
+		return a < b ? a : b < c ? b : c;
 	}
+
+	assert least(1, 2, 3) == 1, "Least 1, 2, 3 failed";
+	assert least(10, 5, 7) == 5, "Least 10, 5, 7 failed";
+	assert least(9, 7, 5) == 5, "Least 9, 7, 5 failed"; 
+}
+
+
+print "All good";
+

source/ast_node.c

@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ void freeASTNodeCustom(ASTNode* node, bool freeSelf) {
 			freeASTNode(node->binary.right);
 		break;
 
+		case AST_NODE_TERNARY:
+			freeASTNode(node->ternary.condition);
+			freeASTNode(node->ternary.thenPath);
+			freeASTNode(node->ternary.elsePath);
+		break;
+
 		case AST_NODE_GROUPING:
 			freeASTNode(node->grouping.child);
 		break;
@@ -169,6 +175,17 @@ void emitASTNodeBinary(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* rhs, Opcode opcode) {
 	*nodeHandle = tmp;
 }
 
+void emitASTNodeTernary(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* condition, ASTNode* thenPath, ASTNode* elsePath) {
+	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
+
+	tmp->type = AST_NODE_TERNARY;
+	tmp->ternary.condition = condition;
+	tmp->ternary.thenPath = thenPath;
+	tmp->ternary.elsePath = elsePath;
+
+	*nodeHandle = tmp;
+}
+
 void emitASTNodeGrouping(ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
 	ASTNode* tmp = ALLOCATE(ASTNode, 1);
 

source/ast_node.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ typedef enum ASTNodeType {
 	AST_NODE_LITERAL, //a simple value
 	AST_NODE_UNARY, //one child + opcode
 	AST_NODE_BINARY, //two children, left and right + opcode
+	AST_NODE_TERNARY, //three children, condition, then path & else path
 	AST_NODE_GROUPING, //one child
 	AST_NODE_BLOCK, //contains a sub-node array
 	AST_NODE_COMPOUND, //contains a sub-node array
@@ -62,6 +63,16 @@ typedef struct NodeBinary {
 	ASTNode* right;
 } NodeBinary;
 
+//ternary operator
+void emitASTNodeTernary(ASTNode** nodeHandle, ASTNode* condition, ASTNode* thenPath, ASTNode* elsePath);
+
+typedef struct NodeTernary {
+	ASTNodeType type;
+	ASTNode* condition;
+	ASTNode* thenPath;
+	ASTNode* elsePath;
+} NodeTernary;
+
 //grouping of other AST nodes
 void emitASTNodeGrouping(ASTNode** nodeHandle);
 
@@ -232,6 +243,7 @@ union _node {
 	NodeLiteral atomic;
 	NodeUnary unary;
 	NodeBinary binary;
+	NodeTernary ternary;
 	NodeGrouping grouping;
 	NodeBlock block;
 	NodeCompound compound;

source/compiler.c

@@ -331,6 +331,47 @@ static Opcode writeCompilerWithJumps(Compiler* compiler, ASTNode* node, void* br
 		}
 		break;
 
+		case AST_NODE_TERNARY: {
+			// TODO
+
+			//process the condition
+			Opcode override = writeCompilerWithJumps(compiler, node->ternary.condition, breakAddressesPtr, continueAddressesPtr, jumpOffsets, rootNode);
+			if (override != OP_EOF) {//compensate for indexing & dot notation being screwy
+				compiler->bytecode[compiler->count++] = (unsigned char)override; //1 byte
+			}
+
+			//cache the point to insert the jump distance at
+			compiler->bytecode[compiler->count++] = OP_IF_FALSE_JUMP; //1 byte
+			int jumpToElse = compiler->count;
+			compiler->count += sizeof(unsigned short); //2 bytes
+
+			//write the then path
+			override = writeCompilerWithJumps(compiler, node->pathIf.thenPath, breakAddressesPtr, continueAddressesPtr, jumpOffsets, rootNode);
+			if (override != OP_EOF) {//compensate for indexing & dot notation being screwy
+				compiler->bytecode[compiler->count++] = (unsigned char)override; //1 byte
+			}
+
+			int jumpToEnd = 0;
+
+			//insert jump to end
+			compiler->bytecode[compiler->count++] = OP_JUMP; //1 byte
+			jumpToEnd = compiler->count;
+			compiler->count += sizeof(unsigned short); //2 bytes
+
+			//update the jumpToElse to point here
+			AS_USHORT(compiler->bytecode[jumpToElse]) = compiler->count + jumpOffsets; //2 bytes
+
+			//write the else path
+			Opcode override2 = writeCompilerWithJumps(compiler, node->pathIf.elsePath, breakAddressesPtr, continueAddressesPtr, jumpOffsets, rootNode);
+			if (override2 != OP_EOF) {//compensate for indexing & dot notation being screwy
+				compiler->bytecode[compiler->count++] = (unsigned char)override; //1 byte
+			}
+
+			//update the jumpToEnd to point here
+			AS_USHORT(compiler->bytecode[jumpToEnd]) = compiler->count + jumpOffsets; //2 bytes
+		}
+		break;
+
 		case AST_NODE_GROUPING: {
 			compiler->bytecode[compiler->count++] = (unsigned char)OP_GROUPING_BEGIN; //1 byte
 			Opcode override = writeCompilerWithJumps(compiler, node->grouping.child, breakAddressesPtr, continueAddressesPtr, jumpOffsets, node->grouping.child);

source/lexer.c

@@ -292,6 +292,7 @@ Token scanLexer(Lexer* lexer) {
 
 		case '|':  return makeToken(lexer, match(lexer, '|') ? TOKEN_OR : TOKEN_PIPE);
 
+		case '?': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_QUESTION);
 		case ':': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_COLON);
 		case ';': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_SEMICOLON);
 		case ',': return makeToken(lexer, TOKEN_COMMA);

source/opcodes.h

@@ -76,6 +76,9 @@ typedef enum Opcode {
 	//pop the stack at the end of a complex statement
 	OP_POP_STACK,
 
+	//ternary shorthand
+	OP_TERNARY,
+
 	//meta
 	OP_FN_END, //different from SECTION_END
 	OP_SECTION_END = 255,

source/parser.c

@@ -778,6 +778,21 @@ static Opcode indexAccess(Parser* parser, ASTNode** nodeHandle) { //TODO: fix in
 	return OP_INDEX;
 }
 
+static Opcode question(Parser* parser, ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
+	advance(parser); //for the question mark
+
+	ASTNode* thenPath = NULL;
+	ASTNode* elsePath = NULL;
+
+	parsePrecedence(parser, &thenPath, PREC_TERNARY);
+	consume(parser, TOKEN_COLON, "Expected ':' in ternary expression");
+	parsePrecedence(parser, &elsePath, PREC_TERNARY);
+
+	emitASTNodeTernary(nodeHandle, NULL, thenPath, elsePath);
+
+	return OP_TERNARY;
+}
+
 static Opcode dot(Parser* parser, ASTNode** nodeHandle) {
 	advance(parser); //for the dot
 
@@ -824,8 +839,8 @@ ParseRule parseRules[] = { //must match the token types
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_OF,
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_PRINT,
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_RETURN,
-	{atomic, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_TYPE,
-	{asType, NULL, PREC_PRIMARY},// TOKEN_ASTYPE,
+	{atomic, NULL, PREC_PRIMARY},// TOKEN_TYPE,
+	{asType, NULL, PREC_CALL},// TOKEN_ASTYPE,
 	{typeOf, NULL, PREC_CALL},// TOKEN_TYPEOF,
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_VAR,
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_WHILE,
@@ -871,6 +886,7 @@ ParseRule parseRules[] = { //must match the token types
 	{NULL, binary, PREC_OR},// TOKEN_OR,
 
 	//other operators
+	{NULL, question, PREC_TERNARY}, //TOKEN_QUESTION,
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_COLON,
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_SEMICOLON,
 	{NULL, NULL, PREC_NONE},// TOKEN_COMMA,
@@ -1120,6 +1136,13 @@ static void parsePrecedence(Parser* parser, ASTNode** nodeHandle, PrecedenceRule
 			dottify(parser, &rhsNode);
 		}
 
+		//BUGFIX: ternary shorthand
+		if (opcode == OP_TERNARY) {
+			rhsNode->ternary.condition = *nodeHandle;
+			*nodeHandle = rhsNode;
+			continue;
+		}
+
 		emitASTNodeBinary(nodeHandle, rhsNode, opcode);
 
 		//optimise away the constants

source/token_types.h

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ typedef enum TokenType {
 	TOKEN_OR,
 
 	//other operators
+	TOKEN_QUESTION,
 	TOKEN_COLON,
 	TOKEN_SEMICOLON,
 	TOKEN_COMMA,

source/toy_common.h

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 #define TOY_VERSION_MAJOR 0
 #define TOY_VERSION_MINOR 7
-#define TOY_VERSION_PATCH 0
+#define TOY_VERSION_PATCH 1
 #define TOY_VERSION_BUILD __DATE__ " " __TIME__
 
 //platform-specific specifications

test/scripts/ternary-expressions.toy

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//test basic truth ternaries
+{
+	assert true ? true : false, "Basic true ternary failed";
+	assert false ? false : true, "Basic false ternary failed";
+}
+
+
+//test nesting
+{
+	fn least(a, b, c) {
+		return a < b ? a : b < c ? b : c;
+	}
+
+	assert least(1, 2, 3) == 1, "Least 1, 2, 3 failed";
+	assert least(10, 5, 7) == 5, "Least 10, 5, 7 failed";
+	assert least(9, 7, 5) == 5, "Least 9, 7, 5 failed"; 
+}
+
+
+print "All good";
+

test/test_interpreter.c

@@ -197,6 +197,7 @@ int main() {
 			"long-literals.toy",
 			"native-functions.toy",
 			"panic-within-functions.toy",
+			"ternary-expressions.toy",
 			"types.toy",
 			NULL
 		};